Physiology + Homeostasis Intro.

Question 1

Basic Body Organsisation

Answer 1

Chemicals (molecules), cells, tissues, organs, body system, organism

Question 2

Cell Def.

Answer 2

Basic unit of life. Fundamental building block of multicellular organisms. Preform 1 or few specific functions

Question 3

Tissue def.

Answer 3

Group of cells with similar structure and specialised function with extracellular material

Question 4

Tissue Types

Answer 4

Muscle, nervous, epithelial, connective

Question 5

Muscle Tissue Function and Types

Answer 5

Specialised for contraction. Skeletal, cardiac + smooth

Question 6

Nervous Tissue Function

Answer 6

Transmits electrical impulses

Question 7

Epithelial Tisue

Answer 7

Exchange materials between cells and their environment

Question 8

Connective Tissue Functions and Types

Answer 8

Connects, supports and anchors body parts. Tendons, bones and blood

Question 9

Organ Def.

Answer 9

Tissues organised together to preform specific functions

Question 10

2 Types of Fluids in Body

Answer 10

Intracellular (ICF) (40% total body fluid) and Extracellular (ECF) (20%)

Question 11

2 Types of extracellular fluid

Answer 11

Blood Plasma (5% net fluid) + Interstitial fluid (15%)

Question 12

Examples of ions in ECF and ICF

Answer 12

Sodium, Potassium, Bicarbonate

Question 13

Examples of nutrients in ICF and ECF

Answer 13

oxygen, glucose, fatty/ amino acids

Question 14

How blood plasma and interstitial fluid are separated

Answer 14

Blood vessel wall (semi-permeable membrane)

Question 15

How ICF and ECF are separated

Answer 15

Cell membrane (selectively permeable membrane)

Question 16

Semi-permiable Def

Answer 16

Allows some molecules (eg oxygen) and doesn’t allow others (eg proteins)

Question 17

Interstitial fluid

Answer 17

Fluid that surrounds the cells (not in cells) , not in the blood vessels

Question 18

Homeostasis Def.

Answer 18

Maintenance of relatively stable internal environment. Dynamic steady state

Question 19

Disrupted homeostasis results in

Answer 19

abnormal body function, illness and death

Question 20

How body maintains homeostasis

Answer 20

monitor + detect internal environment changes , integrate info of change with other info, adjust to restore factor

Question 21

Feedback Def.

Answer 21

Response initiated after change has been detected

Question 22

Negative Feedback Def.

Answer 22

Opposes/inhibits change detected (most homeostatic mechanisms)

Question 23

Positive Feedback Def.

Answer 23

Amplifies/promotes change in internal enviorment detected

Question 24

How Body System detects change in internal enviorment

Answer 24

receptors

Question 25

How body system compares current value to homeostatic

Answer 25

Control Centre

Question 26

How body system makes adjustment to internal environment

Answer 26

Effectors eg skeletal muscles shivering

Question 27

Negative Feedback Examples

Answer 27

Internal body temp. , pH, Conc. of O2 and CO2

Question 28

Positive Feedback Examples

Answer 28

Childbirth- uterine contractions, clotting factors

Question 29

Body Mass Index (BMI) (kg/m^2)

Answer 29

Screening method for weight category (inexpensive, easy)