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Human Body + Function > Classification of Blood Cell > Flashcards

Classification of Blood Cell Flashcards

1
Q

Blood Function

A

Transports materials to and from body tissue

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2
Q

Blood Transports to Tissues

A

Oxygen, Nutrients, Hormones, Water and Heat

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3
Q

Blood Transports From Tissues

A

Waste Matter and Carbon Dioxide

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4
Q

Erythrocyte Primary Function

A

Transports Oxygen (>1 billion) to blood tissues

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5
Q

Main Oxygen Carrying Molecule in Erythrocytes

A

‘Haem’ contains iron

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6
Q

Erythrocyte Shape

A

Biconcave with no nucleus. More flexible

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7
Q

Haemoglobin Composition

A

Globin protein (4 folded (alpha and beta) peptide chains , 4 Haem groups (non-protein complexes containing iron)

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8
Q

Oxyhaemoglobin

A

Haemoglobin with oxygen bound to it

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9
Q

Role of leukocytes in Immune System

A

Defends against pathogens, identifies cancer cells, removes dead/cancerous cells from body

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10
Q

5 Types of Leukocyte

A

Neutrophil, Eosinophil, Basophil, Monocye, lymphocyte

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11
Q

Polymorphonuclear (many shapes of nucleus) granulocytes (65% of white blood cells)

A

Neutrophil, Eosinophil, Basophil

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12
Q

Mononuclear Agranulocytes (35% WBC)

A

Monocyte and Lymphocyte

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13
Q

Neutrophil Function

A

Phagocyte. High levels in blood indicates bacterial infection

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14
Q

Eosinophil Function

A

Combats parasitic and viral infections aswell as allergy response. High levels indicate an allergic reaction/parasitic infection

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15
Q

Basophil Function

A

Synthesises and stores histamine (vasodilation) and heparin (anti-coagulant)

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16
Q

Monocyte Function

A

Phagocytosis of bacteria and removal pf aged erythrocytes

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17
Q

Lymphocyte Function

A

Target specific areas of defence

18
Q

B-Lymphocyte Function

A

Produces antibodies to circulate in blood.

19
Q

T- Lymphocyte Function

A

Target specific cells (eg cancer and virus controlled) and release chemical to put holes in their membrane

20
Q

Thrombocyte Function

A

Haemostasis. Fragments of megakaryocytes (no nucleus but has organelles and enzymes for energy production and product secretion). Released from spleen by contraction

21
Q

Haemostasias Outline

A

Vasoconstriction, Platelet Plug Formation and Blood Coagulation

22
Q

What is exposed when endothelial lining is torn

A

collagen

23
Q

What is released when platelet receptors bind to collagen

A

ADP and Thromboxane A2

24
Q

Function of Thromboxane A2

A

Activates platelets to begin forming platelet plug by layering ontop of eachother over collagen

25
Q

Platelet Plug Function

A

Blocks small holes in blood vessels

26
Q

Substances excreted by non-torn endothelium + it’s function

A

Prostacyclin and Nitric Oxide. Inhibits platelet aggregation. Confining plug to injury site

27
Q

Coagulation Constituents

A

Blood (as a non flowing gel) and fibre mesh collecting blood CElls

28
Q

Function of Blood Coagulation

A

Reinforces Clot

29
Q

2 Types of Clotting Cascade

A

Intrinsic (blood inside vessel) and Extrinsic (blood out of vessel (surrounding tissue))

30
Q

What Clotting Factor join 2 types together

A

Factor 10

31
Q

Which path begins at the earlier clotting factor (factor XII)

A

Intrinsic

32
Q

How to activate clotting factor 7

A

Foreign surface/collage exposure

33
Q

How to activate clotting factor 10

A

Ca2+ from (factor 8 (I) or Factor 7(E))

34
Q

Thrombin Progression

A

Thrombin, Loose Fibrin (Thrombin + Fibrinogen), Rigid Fibrin (loose Fibrin + clotting fibre 8 activated by thrombrin)

35
Q

What happens after clot

A

Fibroblasts move into clot due to platelets, scar is formed, clot is dissolved by plasmin

36
Q

Plasma Contents

A

Protein, gas, carbohydrates, salt and lipid

37
Q

3 Plasma Proteins

A

Albumin, Globulin, Fibrinogen

38
Q

Albumin Function

A

Transports substances with poor plasma solubility (eg bilirubin), regulates blood osmatic pressure (prevents loss from capillaries)

39
Q

Globulin Alpha and Beta Functions

A

Clotting factor, transports substances (eg iron)

40
Q

Globulin Gamma FUnction

A

Antibody

41
Q

Fibrinogen

A

Clotting process. Converts thrombin into loose fibrin

Human Body + Function (14 decks)

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