Nervous System Cells

Question 1

Nervous System Function)

Answer 1

Specialised cells deliver information (communication), integrates information to regulate internal environment and controls all mental activity (eg thought, memory, learning)

Question 2

CNS Function

Answer 2

Gathers and processes info from PNS, coordinates voluntary movements, subconscious regulation of internal enviorment, experiences emotions and percieves our body and surroundings

Question 3

PNS Functions

Answer 3

Carries info between CNS and body tissues

Question 4

Afferent division

Answer 4

Sensory neurons. Brings info to CNS

Question 5

Efferent Division

Answer 5

Motor neurons. Brings info away from CNS

Question 6

Somatic Nervous System Muscle Control

Answer 6

Skeletal Muscles, voluntary control

Question 7

Autonomic Muscle Control

Answer 7

Cardiac, smooth and glands

Question 8

Neuron Def.

Answer 8

Specialized cell that receives and transmits electrical impulses

Question 9

Neuron components

Answer 9

Soma (cell body), dendrites, axons, synapses and synaptic terminals

Question 10

Dendrite outline

Answer 10

Recieves signals from other neurons. Brings impulse to cell body.

Question 11

Axon Outline

Answer 11

Conducts impulse away from cell body and ends in synaptic terminals

Question 12

Nerve Fiber Outline

Answer 12

Elongated projection of neuron (usually axon). Can be myelinated/unmyelinated

Question 13

Nerves Def.

Answer 13

Bundle of nerve fibres, blood vessels and connective tissue

Question 14

Action Potentials Def.

Answer 14

Electrical impulses neurons use to communicate. The frequency denotes the information

Question 15

Result of inappropriate firing of neurons

Answer 15

Seizure or stroke

Question 16

Pathway of Neurotransmission

Answer 16

axon to synaptic terminal (impulse is converted to chemical neurotransmitter) to post synaptic neuron (adjacent neuron) (chemical is broken down generating impulse)

Question 17

Sensory Receptors Def.

Answer 17

Specialised cells/structures that respond to specific stimuli converting them into electrical signals

Question 18

Types of Receptors

Answer 18

Mechanoreceptors (mechanical), thermoreceptors, chemoreceptors and photoreceptors

Question 19

Spinal Reflexive Arc Rough Outline

Answer 19

receptor to sensory neuron to spinal cord (CNS integration center) to motor neuron to effector tissue

Question 20

Interneurons Function

Answer 20

Connect motor and sensory neurons in the CNS

Question 21

How are neurons classified

Answer 21

By no. of projections from cell body. Eg: unipolar, bipolar, psuedounipolar and multipolar

Question 22

Glial Cells Function

Answer 22

Support cell (physically, metabolically and functionally) , transfer messages via chemical signals (don’t carry impulse)

Question 23

Astrocyte Function

Answer 23

Most abundant glial cell. Aid in formation of blood-brain barrier. Metabolic support by detoxifying neurotransmitters

Question 24

Oligodendrocyte Function

Answer 24

Forms myelin sheath around CNS axons increasing impulse speed (shwann cells do PNS)