Gas Laws

Question 1

Vapour Def

Answer 1

Coexistance of gas and liquid

Question 2

Gas Def

Answer 2

Gas existing in isolation

Question 3

Boiling Temp Def

Answer 3

Temperature when substance changes state from liquid to gas

Question 4

Critical Temp Definition

Answer 4

Temperature when all molecules have a substance have completed changing state

Question 5

Tidal Volume Def

Answer 5

The volume of air inhaled or exhaled subconsciously at rest

Question 6

Boyle’s Law States

Answer 6

At constant temp a fixed mass of gas’s volume is inversely proportional to the pressure acting on it. PV = k

Question 7

Boyle’s Law Clinical Applications

Answer 7

When either decreasing/increasing altitude the pressure increases/decreases effecting volume in lungs. Divers volume shrinks causing pneumothorax. Piolets volume increases causing barodentalgia

Question 8

Charles Law States

Answer 8

At a constant pressure, a fixed mass of gas’s volume is directly proportional to it’s temp. V/T = k

Question 9

Charles’ Law Clinical Applications

Answer 9

The temperature of the enviorment can effect the volume of air moving into lungs and degree to whicha ir expands in lungs

Question 10

Gay-Lussac’s Law

Answer 10

At constant volume, fixed mass of gas’s pressure is directly proportional to temp. P/T = k

Question 11

Combined gas laws

Answer 11

combins Boyle’s, Charles’ and Gay-Lusac’s Laws. PV/T = k

Question 12

Avogadro’s Law States

Answer 12

That at constant values of temp and pressure, gases of equal volume should have an equal number of molecules

Question 13

Ideal Gas law

Answer 13

Joining of combined and Aogadro’s law. PV = nRt

Question 14

Partial Pressure Def

Answer 14

The pressure of 1 specific gas in a mixture of 2+ gases. Fraction of total pressure

Question 15

Total Pressure Def

Answer 15

Combined pressure of all gases in a mix

Question 16

Atmospheric pressure conversion to kiloPascals

Answer 16

1 atm :101.3 kPa

Question 17

Henry’s Law States

Answer 17

At constant temp, the amount of gas dissolved in a solvent is proportional to it’s partial pressure

Question 18

Dalton’s Law States

Answer 18

The pressure of a specific gas in mixture is independent of other gases. This happens due to gas molecules being too far apart to effect each other. This explains why vapour isn’t impacted by ambient pressure

Question 19

External respiration Def

Answer 19

Exchange of gas in lungs

Question 20

Internal Respiration Def

Answer 20

Use of energy (ATP) in cells

Question 21

Respiratory Unit Outline

Answer 21

1 alveolus and 1 blood vessel. Site of gas exchange due to pressure gradient (determined by partial pressure of oxygen).

Question 22

At what temp is a gas closest to “ideal”

Answer 22

Critical temp

Question 23

Do the gas laws apply to vapours

Answer 23

No. Effects of pressure on liquid and gas are different

Question 24

Entonox Def

Answer 24

50% oxygen and 50% Nitrous Oxide. At critical temp it separates out into it’s components

Question 25

Heliox Def

Answer 25

Oxygen and Helium .Given to patients with airway obstruction (more turbulent then laminant flow). Helium’s lower density allows mix to flow easier when breathing is turbulent (no effect if laminant)

Question 26

Factors to consider when admin volatile anaesthetic agents

Answer 26

Effects vary according to partial pressure. Henry’s law dictates the bigger the partial pressure absorbed in the lungs the more force it exerts on the aveoli. Dalton’s law indicates that partial pressure of anaesthetic is independent of all other substances in mix

Question 27

Vaporizer Applications

Answer 27

Vapour pressure is only impacted by temperature. During latent heat of vaporistaion lquid cools and vapor pressure and conc drop. Thus vaporisers are designed to limit any drops in temp