Anatomy of Musculoskeletal System

Question 1

Skeletal Muscles Main Locations

Answer 1

Limbs and gluteal region

Question 2

How do muscles function if they can only contract in 1 direction

Answer 2

Have to work together in antagonistic pairs

Question 3

How do blood vessels and nerves reach muscle tissue

Answer 3

Travel through holes in muscle tissue

Question 4

3 Main bones of pelvis

Answer 4

Ileum, Ishim and pubis

Question 5

2 Components Holding Pelvis together

Answer 5

Fibrous spine and pubic symphisis

Question 6

Greater Sciatic Notch Function

Answer 6

Allows sciatic nerve to reach gluteal region

Question 7

Obturator Foreman Function

Answer 7

lets blood vessels and nerves into medial thigh

Question 8

Posterior Inferior Function

Answer 8

Slight movement in spine

Question 9

How is pelvis seated in body

Answer 9

At a slight tilt

Question 10

Asis Identification

Answer 10

Part of hip bone felt externally

Question 11

What do muscles connect to on bone

Answer 11

Notches and foremans

Question 12

Femur Outline

Answer 12

Longest and heaviest bone in body. Supports most of body weight

Question 13

Articulate Cartilage Function

Answer 13

Allows for low friction movement

Question 14

Trochanter Function

Answer 14

Attachment of muscle. Lesser muscles attach to lesser trochanter

Question 15

Most common femur injuries

Answer 15

Break at neck and break at intertrochanter. More serious is break at neck of femur as it’s a highly vasculated area.

Question 16

Avascular Necrosis Outline

Answer 16

The death of tissue due to lack of blood flow as a result of damaged blood vessels

Question 17

Main flexers of leg

Answer 17

Iliacus (attached via iliac fossa) and Posas Major (T12 - L5). Join at Iliopsoas (common tendon attached at lesser trochanter)

Question 18

Femoral Def.

Answer 18

Located next to femur

Question 19

Sartorius Outline

Answer 19

Longest muscle in body. From thigh to knee

Question 20

Femoral Triangle

Answer 20

Triangular hole in muscle for femoral nerve and femoral arteries, femoral veins and femoral lymphs (in femoral sheath) to pass through

Question 21

Lateral Boundary of Thigh

Answer 21

Sartorius to medial border

Question 22

Medial Boundary of Thigh

Answer 22

Abductor Longus to Medial Border

Question 23

Superior Boundary of Thigh

Answer 23

Inguinal Ligament

Question 24

Floor (internal) Boundary of Thigh

Answer 24

Iliopsoas, pectineus and abductor longus

Question 25

Roof boundary of thigh

Answer 25

Fascia Lata

Question 26

Gluteal Regions Boundaries

Answer 26

Iliac Crest (superior) and Gluteal Fold (inferior)

Question 27

Gluteus Maximus Nerve Supply and Function

Answer 27

Nerve supply: inferior gluteal. Function: Hip extension (left to right) and lateral rotation (front to back)

Question 28

Tensor Flexers Nerve Supply and Function

Answer 28

Superior Gluteal. Hip abduction (moving away from body's midline) and flexion (moving legs vertically up and down)

Question 29

Gluteus Medius Nerve Supply and Function

Answer 29

Superior Gluteal. Hip abduction and medial rotation

Question 30

Gluteus Miniums Nerve Supply and Function

Answer 30

Superior Gluteal. Hib abduction and medial rotation

Question 31

What prevents gait when standing

Answer 31

Medius and minimums work together to balance pelvis. Stabilizing hip joint

Question 32

How Trendelenburg Gate Occurs

Answer 32

Nerve damage/ weakened muscles means that Medius and minimus aren't strong enough to counter balance direction of movement

Question 33

Components of Anterior Thigh and nerve supply

Answer 33

Sartorius, Iliopsoas, Quadriceps Femoris (all femoral nerve) and Tensor Fascia Lata (Superior Gluteal Nerve)

Question 34

Abductor Hiatus Outline

Answer 34

Femoral artery and vein pass through and become popliteal artery and vein

Question 35

State of meniscus at knee when standing

Answer 35

Flat

Question 36

State of meniscus at knee when sitting

Answer 36

Round

Question 37

What enables locking/unlocking of knee

Answer 37

Poplietus Tendon

Question 38

Cruciate Ligament

Answer 38

Anterior and posterior forms cross, increasing stability

Question 39

Knee Flexion

Answer 39

Posterior Thigh (hamstrings)

Question 40

Knee Extension

Answer 40

Quadriceps

Question 41

Tibiofibular Superior Joint

Answer 41

Synovial joint. Seperate from knee

Question 42

Tibiofibular Inferior Joint

Answer 42

Fibrous

Question 43

Where is weight carried in foot

Answer 43

Talus and Calcaneus

Question 44

Talus Outline

Answer 44

Articulates superiorly with tibia/fibula and calcaneeus inferiorly

Question 45

Calcaneus Outline

Answer 45

Forms heel. Talus on superior surface. Attachment point for calcaneal temdon (achilles heel)

Question 46

Acronym for Tarsal Tunnel nerve and blood supply

Answer 46

Tom, Dick And Very Nervous Harry

Question 47

Tibialis Posterior (Tom) Function

Answer 47

Muscle in tarsal tunnel. Allows for ankle and foot movements

Question 48

Flexor Digitorm Longus (Dick) Outline

Answer 48

Muscle in tarsal tunnel for flexing of toes and feet

Question 49

Posterior Tibial Artery and Vein (And Very)

Answer 49

Blood supply to tarsal tunnel

Question 50

Tibial Nerve Outline

Answer 50

Nerve supply in tarsal tunnel

Question 51

Flexor Hallucis Longus

Answer 51

Muscle in tarsal tunnel that allows flexion og big toe