Physiology and Anatomy vocabulary 4

Question 1

Body system composed of the skin, hair, oil and sweat glands, nails, and sensory receptors that helps maintain body temperature, protects the body, and provides sensory information.

Answer 1

Intergumentary System

Question 2

The branch of medicine that deals with the study and treatment of the skin, hair, and nails, as well as the various disorders and diseases that can affect these structures.

Answer 2

Dermatology

Question 3

The superficial, thinner layer of the skin, composed of keratinized stratified squamous epithelium. The outermost layer of the skin, providing a protective barrier. It consists mainly of cells called keratinocytes and lacks blood vessels.

Answer 3

Epidermis

Question 4

the layer of skin beneath the epidermis, containing connective tissue, blood vessels, hair follicles, sweat glands, and nerve endings. It plays a crucial role in supporting and nourishing the skin.

Answer 4

Dermis

Question 5

A space between the arachnoid mater and the pia matter that surrounds the brain and the spinal cord and through which cerbrospinal fluid circulates. Located beneath the Dermis.

Answer 5

Subcutaneous

Question 6

Oval- shaped pressure receptor located in the dermis or subcutaneous tissue consisting of concentric layers of connective tissue wrapped around the dendrites of a sensory neuron.

Answer 6

Lamellated Corpsucles

Question 7

The most numerous of the epidermal cells; produce keratin. These cells play a crucial role in the structural integrity of the skin.

Answer 7

Keratinocytes

Question 8

A fibrous protein that forms the structural basis for hair, nails, and the outer layer of the skin. It provides strength and resilience to these structures.

Answer 8

Keratin

Question 9

Cells in the epidermis that produce the pigment melanin. Melanin is responsible for skin, hair, and eye color and helps protect the skin from the harmful effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation.

Answer 9

Melanocytes

Question 10

A dark black, brown, or yellow pigment found in some parts of the body such as the skin, hair, and pigmented layer of the retina. It provides protection against UV radiation by absorbing and scattering it.

Answer 10

Melanin

Question 11

Abnormal, non-pathological, partial, or total absence of pigment in skin, hair, and eyes.
Characterized by the absence or reduction of melanin.

Answer 11

Albinism

Question 12

A protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body. It can contribute to the coloration of the skin, especially in the presence of oxygen (giving a reddish hue).

Answer 12

Hemoglobin

Question 13

Structure composed of epithelium and surrounding the root of a hair from which hair develops.

Answer 13

Hair follicle

Question 14

Acondition characterized by the excessive growth of hair in women in areas where men typically grow hair, such as the face and chest.

Answer 14

Hirsutism

Question 15

Oily, waxy substance produced by sebaceous glands in the skin. It helps moisturize and protect the skin and hair.

Answer 15

Sebum

Question 16

Refers to the outermost layer of the hair shaft or the protective layer of the nail. It provides a barrier and protection for the underlying structures.

Answer 16

Cuticle

Question 17

Common skin disorder which results from the loss of melanocytes from the epidermis and clinically manifests as well- demarcated white patches on the body.

Answer 17

Vitiligo

Question 18

The process by which keratinocytes in the epidermis produce and accumulate keratin, leading to the formation of a protective, waterproof layer on the skin’s surface.

Answer 18

Keratirization

Question 19

The partial or complete loss of hair, often resulting in baldness. It can be caused by various factors, including genetics, hormonal changes, and medical conditions.

Answer 19

Alopecia

Question 20

The visible part of the hair that extends above the surface of the skin. It is composed of dead, keratinized cells.

Answer 20

Hair Shaft