Physiology and Anatomy vocabulary 3

Question 1

A group of similar cells that work together to perform specific functions in the body. There are 4 main types.

Answer 1

Tissue

Question 2

A medical specialist who study’s and diagnoses diseases by examining tissues, cells, and bodily fluids. They play a crucial role in diagnosing various medical conditions, including cancer, through techniques such as microscopy and laboratory testing.

Answer 2

Pathologist

Question 3

A type of tissue that covers the surface of the body, both externally and internally. It serves as a protective barrier and can be found in various forms, such as skin, lining of the digestive tract, and the inner surface of blood vessels.

Answer 3

Epithelial Tissue

Question 4

A diverse group of tissues that provide support, structure, and connectivity to various body parts.

Answer 4

Connective Tissue

Question 5

Responsible for the contraction and movement of body parts. There are 3 types.

Answer 5

Muscular Tissue

Question 6

Composed of neurons and is responsible for transmitting electrical signals in the body. It forms the basis of the nervous system, enabling communication between different parts of the body.

Answer 6

Nervous Tissue

Question 7

Specialized structures that connect and hold cells together within tissues. They play a role in cell adhesion, communication, and the maintenance of tissue integrity.

Answer 7

Cell Junctions

Question 8

Type of tissue primarily composed of tightly packed cells that line the surface of organs and body cavities. Serves various functions, including protection, absorption, and secretion.

Answer 8

Epithelium

Question 9

A thin, specialized layer of extracellular matrix that underlies and supports epithelial tissues. It separates the epithelium from underlying connective tissue and plays a role in tissue integrity.

Answer 9

Basement Membrane

Question 10

Refers to the absence of blood vessels within a tissue or region of the body. Some tissues, like cartilage, rely on diffusion for nutrient exchange.

Answer 10

Avascular

Question 11

Refers to the epithelial tissue that forms the outermost layer of various organs, including the skin and the lining of body cavities.

Answer 11

Surface epithelium

Question 12

A type of epithelial tissue specialized for secretion. Can be found in glands throughout the body, both endocrine and exocrine.

Answer 12

Glandular Epithelium

Question 13

The process of producing and releasing substances, such as hormones, enzymes, and mucus, from cells or glands into the surrounding environment or bloodstream.

Answer 13

Secretion

Question 14

The process by which substances are taken up and transported across epithelial surfaces, often into the bloodstream, for further use or elimination.

Answer 14

Absortion

Question 15

Small, finger-like projections on the surface of certain epithelial cells that increase their surface area for absorption and secretion.

Answer 15

Microvilli

Question 16

Specialized epithelial cells that produce mucus, which helps lubricate and protect various surfaces in the body.

Answer 16

Goblet Cells

Question 17

An organ or structure composed of epithelial cells that secrete specific substances. Can be classified as endocrine or exocrine.

Answer 17

Gland

Question 18

Consists of glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream to regulate bodily functions, such as metabolism, growth, and reproduction.

Answer 18

Endocrine

Question 19

Secrets their products, such as enzymes or sweat, into ducts that lead to body surfaces or specific organs.

Answer 19

Exocrine

Question 20

Flat and scale-like epithelial cells

Answer 20

Squamous

Question 21

Cube shaped epithelial cells

Answer 21

Cuboidal

Question 22

Tall and rectangular epithelial cells

Answer 22

Columnar