Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Adulthood (Ch. 13)

Question 1

biological aging/senescence

Answer 1

once body structures reach maximum efficiency

genetically influenced declines in the functioning of organs and systems that are universal in all members of our species

Question 2

_____ runs in families, but rather than length in life people inherit ____________

Answer 2

longevity, risk and protective factors

Question 3

telomeres

Answer 3

located at ends of chromosomes

serve as a “cap” on ends to prevent destruction

Question 4

what happens if telomeres deteriorate quickly?

Answer 4

fast deterioration: unhealthy behaviors

slow deterioration: healthy behaviors/longevity of life

Question 5

what theory is the telomere research apart of?

Answer 5

programmed effects on specific genes

Question 6

free radicals

Answer 6

naturally occurring and highly reactive chemicals that form in the presence of oxygen

contribute to cell disease and cancers

Question 7

cross-linkage theory of aging

Answer 7

over time, protein fibers in the body connect with on another, leading to loss of flexibility in skin and organs

Question 8

speed of running peaks in ages

Answer 8

20-35

Question 9

epistemic cognition

Answer 9

reflections on how we arrived at facts, beliefs and ideas

Question 10

dualistic thinking

Answer 10

dividing information and values into right and wrong/good and bad

common in young students

Question 11

relativistic thinking

Answer 11

give up possibility of absolute truth in favor of multiple truths

common in older adults

Question 12

commitment within relativistic thinking

Answer 12

instead of picking on side or another, form opinion based on your beliefs

most mature adults

Question 13

tackling real-world challenges contributes to gains in

Answer 13

epistemic cognition

Question 14

pragmatic thought

Answer 14

logic becomes a tool for solving real-world problems

Question 15

cognitive-affective complexity

Answer 15

Labouvie-Vief

coordinating conflicting positive and negative feelings into organized structure that allows for recognition in uniqueness in individual experiences

Question 16

3 periods of selecting a vocation

Answer 16

fantasy (early/middle childhood)
tentative (11-16)
realistic (late teens/early 20’s)

Question 17

vocational choice factors

Answer 17

personality
teachers
family
gender stereotypes

Question 18

impact of 1948 interviews

Answer 18

supported/embraced men’s answers of homosexuality while horrified by women’s answers of homosexuality

Question 19

Kinsey scale

Answer 19

6 different possibilities ranging from fully heterosexual to fully homosexual

Question 20

storm’s eroticism scale

Answer 20

4 boxes consisting of homosexual, heterosexual, bisexual and asexual

Question 21

fritz klein’s sexual orientation grid

Answer 21

many boxes to check off as sexuality is complex

ranges from past, present and ideal actions/preferences

Question 22

gender segregation

Answer 22

when choosing jobs, chose/segregate by gender

Question 23

gender stratefication

Answer 23

when careers appear even but segregated by specialization (men in more complex that make more money)

Question 24

at Binghamton/other universities, there are more women in _____ positions

Answer 24

adjunct/lecturer (temporary)

Question 25

psychoanalytic theory of sexual orientation

Answer 25

everyone starts bisexual, develops during the phallic period how parents interact with kids/ask "what did I do wrong"

Question 26

social learning theory of sexual orientation

Answer 26

role models are important for LGBTQIA+ kids classical/operant conditioning

Question 27

social construction theory of sexual orientation

Answer 27

rejects biological essentialism different cultures have different shared assumptions/categories are socially constructed based on our shared assumptions

Question 28

essentialism vs reductionalism

Answer 28

e - reducing a complex idea to its foundation r - reduce to prime/basic level

Question 29

brain (LeVay)

Answer 29

took brains of people who passed from AIDS and looked at the hypothalamus gay men had smaller hypothalamus than straight men and proved different flight or fight response in amygdala

Question 30

genetics with sexuality

Answer 30

found in 2004 study to be adaptive, females in families with gay men had more children

Question 31

Bell social learning

Answer 31

conclusion hinted at possibility of a biological basis for sexual orientation link to gender non-conformity

Question 32

who are more likely to be left-handed

Answer 32

gay men and lesbians

Question 33

who is more likely to have a counter-clockwise hair whorl?

Answer 33

gay men

Question 34

adams, wright and lohr penile plethysmograth

Answer 34

put gauge on penis of men who either were classified as highly homophobia and not homophobia, showed them porn with men-women, women-women, and men-men results: homophobic men were aroused at all porn while non-homophobic men were aroused for all but men-men

Question 35

who is the only group that are not ok with casual sex?

Answer 35

exclusively straight women

Question 36

biological birth order effect

Answer 36

each additional older brother increases chances of being gay each birth increases effects of internal immunization of HY antigens that cross placental barrier and influence sexuality

Question 37

EBE theory (BEM)

Answer 37

Exotic becomes erotic mid-childhood kids start playing with same sex gender found boys who hung out with girls and were more feminine in childhood have gay sexual orientation later in life

Question 38

asexuality

Answer 38

lack of sexual attraction to others

Question 39

AVEN

Answer 39

asexuality visibility and education network goal: create acceptance and facilitate growth in asexual community

Question 40

infidelity

Answer 40

cheating on spouse 16% have committed it, more men decrease percent when under 30 + no gender difference

Question 41

micro-cheating

Answer 41

engaging in betrayal of spouse but no sex (ex. watching porn, sexting, etc.)

Question 42

DRD4 gene

Answer 42

impulse control problems are possessed with this gene ppl w/ gene: increase in extra-relationship activity

Question 43

polyamory

Answer 43

consenting relationships with more than 1 person CNS = consensual non-monogamy

Question 44

swinging

Answer 44

short-term sexual relation with many other people

Question 45

___% of gay male relationships are open

Answer 45

60