Later Adulthood (ch. 17/18)

Question 1

2 types of dementia

Answer 1

alzheimer’s disease and cerebrovascular dementia

Question 2

alzheimers disease

Answer 2

usually presents signs in mid 60’s

most common cause of dementia

irreversible/incurable, progressive neural disorder that slowly destroys memory and logical/analytical thinking to the point where the simplest things aren’t possible

Question 3

structural changes with alzheimers

Answer 3

neurofibrillary tangles (causes neurons to die)
amyloid plaques (plaque builds up on brain)

Question 4

what 2 neurotransmitters are lowered in alzheimers

Answer 4

acetylcholine (memory)
serotonin (mood/depression)

Question 5

the follow are definitions of what term?

breadth and depth of practical knowledge

reflection on knowledge that makes life more bearable and worthwhile

emotional maturity and integrative creativity

Answer 5

wisdom!

Question 6

integrative creativity

Answer 6

taking things from different areas and putting together in integrative ways

ex. art within science competitions at bing

Question 7

elder maltreatment percentage and 4 types

Answer 7

3-7%

physical abuse
physical neglect
psychological abuse
financial abuse

Question 8

Baltes 5 components of wisdom

Answer 8

factual knowledge/basic information

strategies and procedures
- how we solve daily problems

lifespan contextualism
- exist in mult. domains (historical, family, job, etc.)

relativism
- life goals/values are relative/change when we age

uncertainty
- plan for and acknowledge life’s uncertainties

Question 9

risk factors of elder maltreatment

Answer 9

dependency of victim
dependency of perpetrator
psychological disturbance and stress of perpetrator
history of family violence
institutional conditions (hiring people they shouldn’t be or letting people/things slip through cracks)

Question 10

average age for grandparents

Answer 10

male: 51-53
female: 49-51

Question 11

positive view of being a grandparent

Answer 11

elevates status
immortality through family
re-involvement w/ personal past (“tell us stories about when you were young)
indulgence of grandkids

Question 12

grandparent attachment types

Answer 12

detached
- see grandkids infrequently, almost no influence

passive
- see grandkids couple times a month, don’t exert much influence

active
- see grandkids varying # of times a month but are a big influence on their lives

Question 13

what country has the highest life expectancy?

Answer 13

japan

Question 14

centenarians

Answer 14

health: usually have family who lived to old ages as well

personality: highly optimistic, close family bonds/marriage

activities: community involvement

Question 15

primary vs. secondary aging

Answer 15

p - biological aging/declines everyone encounters

s - declines due to hereditary effects

Question 16

what type of aging plays a larger role in frailty?

Answer 16

secondary aging

Question 17

what is seen in the brain with alzheimers disease

Answer 17

dramatic loss of brain volume

Question 18

vascular dementia

Answer 18

series of strokes leaves areas of dead brain cells, producing step-by-step degeneration of mental ability

Question 19

what can be misdiagnosed as dementia in older paitents?

Answer 19

depression

Question 20

things needed for intervention for caregivers of older adults with dementia

Answer 20

knowledge
coping strategies
caregiving skills
respite
intervention programs

Question 21

what does theater training do for older adults?

Answer 21

have cognitive benefits and enhance memory

Question 22

3 things needed to attain ego integrity

Answer 22

ego differentiation
body transcendence
ego transcendence

Question 23

gerotranscendence

Answer 23

cosmic and transcendent perspective directed beyond self to affinity with past and future generations and oneness with the future

Question 24

positivity effect

Answer 24

older people recall more positive information in their life

Question 25

third age

Answer 25

after childhood and adulthood (earning a living and rearing children), people transcend to the third age where they make time for personal fulfillment

Question 26

fourth age

Answer 26

need for care and physical decline

Question 27

dependency-support script

Answer 27

dependent behaviors are attended to immediately

encouraging older adults to become more dependent than needed

Question 28

independence-ignore script

Answer 28

independent behaviors are ignored

encouraging older adults to become more dependent than needed

Question 29

person-environment fit

Answer 29

good match between someones abilities and demands of living environment

Question 30

what is the trend with elder suicide and why?

Answer 30

increase, mostly white men

why:
don’t have social support
losses
chronic pain/illness

Question 31

continuity theory

Answer 31

aging adults striving to maintain personal system (skills, interests, etc.) that promotes life satisfaction

Question 32

socioemotional selectivity theory

Answer 32

social interaction in late life extends lifelong selection processes

Question 33

bridge jobs

Answer 33

what older people do between retirement and working

new part-time or full-time jobs of shorter duration

Question 34

what time of life do people volunteer the most?

Answer 34

late adulthood