Later Adulthood (ch. 17/18) Flashcards
2 types of dementia
alzheimer’s disease and cerebrovascular dementia
alzheimers disease
usually presents signs in mid 60’s
most common cause of dementia
irreversible/incurable, progressive neural disorder that slowly destroys memory and logical/analytical thinking to the point where the simplest things aren’t possible
structural changes with alzheimers
neurofibrillary tangles (causes neurons to die)
amyloid plaques (plaque builds up on brain)
what 2 neurotransmitters are lowered in alzheimers
acetylcholine (memory)
serotonin (mood/depression)
the follow are definitions of what term?
breadth and depth of practical knowledge
reflection on knowledge that makes life more bearable and worthwhile
emotional maturity and integrative creativity
wisdom!
integrative creativity
taking things from different areas and putting together in integrative ways
ex. art within science competitions at bing
elder maltreatment percentage and 4 types
3-7%
physical abuse
physical neglect
psychological abuse
financial abuse
Baltes 5 components of wisdom
factual knowledge/basic information
strategies and procedures
- how we solve daily problems
lifespan contextualism
- exist in mult. domains (historical, family, job, etc.)
relativism
- life goals/values are relative/change when we age
uncertainty
- plan for and acknowledge life’s uncertainties
risk factors of elder maltreatment
dependency of victim
dependency of perpetrator
psychological disturbance and stress of perpetrator
history of family violence
institutional conditions (hiring people they shouldn’t be or letting people/things slip through cracks)
average age for grandparents
male: 51-53
female: 49-51
positive view of being a grandparent
elevates status
immortality through family
re-involvement w/ personal past (“tell us stories about when you were young)
indulgence of grandkids
grandparent attachment types
detached
- see grandkids infrequently, almost no influence
passive
- see grandkids couple times a month, don’t exert much influence
active
- see grandkids varying # of times a month but are a big influence on their lives
what country has the highest life expectancy?
japan
centenarians
health: usually have family who lived to old ages as well
personality: highly optimistic, close family bonds/marriage
activities: community involvement
primary vs. secondary aging
p - biological aging/declines everyone encounters
s - declines due to hereditary effects
what type of aging plays a larger role in frailty?
secondary aging
what is seen in the brain with alzheimers disease
dramatic loss of brain volume
vascular dementia
series of strokes leaves areas of dead brain cells, producing step-by-step degeneration of mental ability
what can be misdiagnosed as dementia in older paitents?
depression
things needed for intervention for caregivers of older adults with dementia
knowledge
coping strategies
caregiving skills
respite
intervention programs
what does theater training do for older adults?
have cognitive benefits and enhance memory
3 things needed to attain ego integrity
ego differentiation
body transcendence
ego transcendence
gerotranscendence
cosmic and transcendent perspective directed beyond self to affinity with past and future generations and oneness with the future
positivity effect
older people recall more positive information in their life
third age
after childhood and adulthood (earning a living and rearing children), people transcend to the third age where they make time for personal fulfillment
fourth age
need for care and physical decline
dependency-support script
dependent behaviors are attended to immediately
encouraging older adults to become more dependent than needed
independence-ignore script
independent behaviors are ignored
encouraging older adults to become more dependent than needed
person-environment fit
good match between someones abilities and demands of living environment
what is the trend with elder suicide and why?
increase, mostly white men
why:
don’t have social support
losses
chronic pain/illness
continuity theory
aging adults striving to maintain personal system (skills, interests, etc.) that promotes life satisfaction
socioemotional selectivity theory
social interaction in late life extends lifelong selection processes
bridge jobs
what older people do between retirement and working
new part-time or full-time jobs of shorter duration
what time of life do people volunteer the most?
late adulthood
