Chapter 8 Flashcards
play development stages
unoccupied play
solitary play
onlooker play
parallel play
associative play
cooperative play
unoccupied play
baby moving, no goal
solitary play
playing by themself
onlooker play
watching older/other kids play, learning
parallel play
2 kids playing next to each other, no interaction
associative play
doing your own thing but sharing items
cooperative play
playing and interacting with others, common goal
starts around age 3
typical for ______ to play
mammals
sensorimotor play
repetitive motor actions
functional (practice) play
using an object in your play
rolling a ball or car, specific goal in mind
constructive play
building something
social play
playing with others
dramatic play
theme or story (ex. playing family), acting
games play
board games/sports, rules!
difference in thinking with men and women
men - unilateral (speed up time to think, but slower damage recovery)
women - bilateral (slow down time processing but easier damage recovery)
primordial glands
medulla (inside) - potential for testes
cortex (outside) - potential for ovary (default)
sex genes on chromosomes
SRY on Y chromosome, if present kicks off medulla
DSS on X chromosome, if present kicks off cortex
apparent around 7-8 weeks in pregnancy
wolffian duct system
male tract
mullerian duct system
female tract
congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)
affects adrenal glands
usually assigned female at birth/easier for surgeons to reassign these people as female in surgery
personality differences (gender atypical behavior, girls more aggressive, less interested in infants)
spatial ability in CAH
women with CAH did better in spatial abilities, defying the usual gender difference
increase in androgen=better score on mental rotation (better in spatial)
increase in testosterone=better lateralization (better in time)
what is recommended with surgery and intersex people?
if there is no pain, wait and let them decide about surgery later in life/when they can give consent
Androgen insensitivity syndrome
recessive, feminine/construct as girls
doesn’t present in XX, need XY
immune to affects to androgens, have testes AND mullerian duct
don’t menstruate, find out at puberty
surgically remove testes (can cause cancer)
used to show biology doesn’t impact thought
5-alpha reductase
rare! less that 60 cases all from DR
challenged Money’s idea (reimer case)
raised as girls w/ XY, clit –> testes @ puberty, transition to boy
DR culture isn’t binary, 3 sexes (boy, girl, girl –> boy)