Physical activity with children and youth Flashcards
What ages and levels are included in youth sport
From introductory sport programs to university teams
What are the two types of “practice”? What’s the best to have?
- Deliberate play
- Playing the sport for fun
- Flexible rules
- Monitored by children - Deliberate practice
- Playing the sport to improve skills
- Structured rules
- Monitored by adults
Best to have a mix of both for ideal development
What are the 2 types of specialization, explain them.
- Early specialization
- Practice a single sport as often as possible
- High deliberate practice, low deliberate play - Sampling
- Participating in a wide variety of sports
- High deliberate play, low deliberate practice
- Can eventually specialize into one sport
What sports can benefit from early specialization?
Sports where the prime competing age is young such as gymnastics
What are the factors that effect the experiences and outcomes of young athletes for physical activity?
- Personal factors
- Access to resources
- Motivation
- Social identity
- access to quality training - Social factors
- Does your family value physical activity
- Positive/negative interactions with coaches, teammates…
- Do we have friends on the team? - organization factors:
- What is the focus of the team? Focused only on winning?
- Exclusivity of the team
What are the pros and cons of youth sport?
pros:
- Physical health
- Phycological development: confidence, leadership
- social development: relationships, friends
Negatives:
- Physical health
- Phycological development: burnout, pressure
- Social development: Bullying, discrimination
What are the goals of youth sport? 3P’s
- Participation: provide opportunity for youth to be physically active and health
- Personal development: Learn psychosocial skills such as leadership and perseverance
- Performance: Develop motor skills that set the foundation for competing at higher levels
What is positive youth development?
Focused on developing youth as a whole, including sports skills as well as life skills
Explain the framework of PYD
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What are the 4 C’s of PYD? Explain them
Competence
- Has the skill and capability to perform the task
Confidence
- Belief in ones own abilities to be successful in sport
Connection
- Quality of relationships in sport
Character
- Capacity for moral development
- Sportsmanship, honesty
What are the 4 types of social support for PYD?
- Emotional support
- Comfort during times of distress - Informational support
- Advice of guidance from others - Tangible support
- Provision of physical resources - Network support
- Companionship (someone taking you under their wing)
What are the 3 influences of PYD?
- parents
- Coaches
- Peers
Explain the influence of parents on PYD. ways they can be involved and actions they can take to foster PYD
3 ways parents can be involves:
- under involved
- Moderately involved
- Over involved
Actions parents can take to Forster PYD:
- Provide encouragement and feedback
- Share their expectations
- Encourage participation in activities outside of sport
Explain the influence coaches have on PYD. explain actions coaches can take to foster PYD and how this can be done.
Actions coaches can take:
- Development of meaningful relationships with athletes
- Act as a roll model to set a example for the kids
- Develop a coaching philosophy (Focus on developing the athletes as a whole)
How this can be done:
- Structure the sport context
- Clear expectations and rules - Facilitate a positive climate
- Discuss life skills
- practice life skills
- Discus how life skills can be used in all aspects of life
- step 1 and 2 is the implicit aproach where the coach has no direct action with the athletes
- Step 3,4,5 is the explicit approach where theirs direct action from the coach to the athletes
Explain how peers have influence on OPYD. What affect does a positive interaction with peers have vs a negative one.
Positive relationship related to:
- Sense of belonging
- Competence
- Enjoyment
- Ongoing participation in sport
Negative relationship related to:
- Stress and anxiety
- Rivalry
- Putting others down
