Pharynx Anatomy

Question 1

name the two folds that outline the palatine tonsil

Answer 1

palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal

Question 2

what is the name of the space between the tongue and epiglottis

Answer 2

valleculae

Question 3

name the four different tonsils

Answer 3

tubal
pharyngeal or adenoid
palatine
lingual

Question 4

what is the common name for the four tonsils together

Answer 4

Waldeyers ring

Question 5

where is the tubal tonsil found

Answer 5

at the opening of the eustachian tube in the nasopharynx

Question 6

what nerve branch lies under the palatine tonsils and is susceptible to injury during a tonsilectomy?

Answer 6

lingual branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve

Question 7

what is the role of the circular muscles?

Answer 7

propel food from oropharynx to laryngopharynx

Question 8

name the three circular muscles

Answer 8

superior
middle
inferior

Question 9

what is the role of the longitudinal muscles

Answer 9

elevate the pharynx when you swallow

Question 10

name the three longitudinal muscles of the pharynx

Answer 10

stylopharyngeus
salpingopharyngeus
palatopharyngues

Question 11

which nerve innervates the salpingopharyngeus and

palatopharyngues

Answer 11

vagus nerve

Question 12

which nerve innervates the stylopharyngeus

Answer 12

glosspharyngeal

Question 13

what sensory nerve innervates the nasopharynx

Answer 13

maxillary division of trigeminal

Question 14

what sensory nerve innervates the oropharynx

Answer 14

glosspharyngeal

Question 15

what sensory nerve innervates the laryngopharynx

Answer 15

vagus nerve

Question 16

what are the two lymph nodal tracts of the head and neck

Answer 16

superficial nodes…deep nodes

Question 17

where do the deep cervical nodes run?

Answer 17

along the Internal jugular vein

Question 18

what are the two divisions of the deep cervical nodes?

Answer 18

superior and inferior

Question 19

where do the cervical nodes eventually drain?

Answer 19

into the venous system at the venous angle

Question 20

what are the four cartilages of the laryngeal skeleton

Answer 20

thyroid
cricoid
arytenoid
epiglottis

Question 21

what is the membrane that travels between the thyroid and the hyoid?

Answer 21

thyrohyoid membrane

Question 22

what is the membrane between the thyroid and cricoid cartilage

Answer 22

cricothyroid membrane

Question 23

what travels between the arytenoid and thyroid cartilages

Answer 23

the vocal ligament or true vocal cord

Question 24

what is the opening between the true vocal cords

Answer 24

rima glottidis

Question 25

what muscles of the larynx actually control the vocal cords

Answer 25

the intrinsic muscles of the larynx

Question 26

what is the role of the cricothyroid muscle

Answer 26

tenses and stretches the vocal cords…making a higher pitch

Question 27

what is the role of the posterior cricoarytenoid muscle

Answer 27

it abducts or opens the vocal cords

Question 28

what nerve provides all the innervation to the vocal box

Answer 28

vagus nerves

Question 29

what does the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerves innervate

Answer 29

cricothyroid muscle

Question 30

what does the internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve innervate

Answer 30

pierces the thyrohyoid membrane and innervated the mucosa within the larynx above the vocal box

Question 31

why is the mucosa that is superior to the vocal box really important?

Answer 31

can sense if something is there and leads to coughing…avoid aspiration

Question 32

what do the recurrent laryngeals innervate

Answer 32

sensory of mucus membranes in the vocal box and inferior to it
motor to all the rest of the intrinsic muscles of the larynx

Question 33

what is the space around the larynx called that is lined with mucosa and is a common spot for food to get stuck in?

Answer 33

piriform recess

Question 34

what is the posterior extension of the pretracheal fascial layer in the neck called?

Answer 34

buccopharyngeal fascia

Question 35

what lies between the buccopharyngeal fascia and the prevertebral fascia layer?

Answer 35

a space that is very susceptible to infection spread

Question 36

the space between the prevertebral and the buccopharyngeal fascia is divided into two halves…what is the name of the tissue that divides it and what are the two halves called?

Answer 36

alar fascia divides it and retropharyngeal and danger spaces are the two halves

Question 37

what is the vestibular fold?

Answer 37

this a mucos fold that is just superior to the true vocal cord and is considered the “false vocal cord”

Question 38

what are the three spaces of the larynx called?

Answer 38

supraglottic, subglottic and ventricle

Question 39

what is the supraglottic space?

Answer 39

the larynx space that is above the vocal cords

Question 40

what is the subglottic space?

Answer 40

the larynx space below the vocal cords

Question 41

what is the ventricle space?

Answer 41

the larynx space between the vocal cords

Question 42

do the vestibular folds play a role in voice production?

Answer 42

NOT AT ALL

Question 43

over which structures do the right and left recurrent laryngeal nerves recur around respectively?

Answer 43

right subclavian and aorta

Question 44

what does the superior laryngeal nerve branch into?

Answer 44

an external and internal branch

Question 45

what nerve is in charge of the sensory and motor innervation of the larynx?

Answer 45

VAGUS NERVE is in charge of it all