Approach to Pneumonia Flashcards
four common ways to damage lung defense?
viral infection
smoking
COPD
medications ( steroids)
four severe ways to damage lung defense?
AIDS
immunosppressants
malignancies
tracheal tubes
what is aspiration pneumonia?
is when there is a large scale aspiration event like a bolus that can go down and lead to pneumonia
what is egophony?
when you ask patient to say “eee” and you hear it echoed into stethoscope…this is sign of pneumonia
which of typical/atypical pneumonia is rapid onset and which is indolent?
typical is rapid and atypical is indolent
with typical or atypical pneumonia are you more ill appearing?
typical
what are the symptoms of typical pneumonia?
fever, rigors, chest pain, purulent sputum
what are the symptoms of atypical pneumonia?
low fever, headache, dry cough
which of atypical/typical pneumo has crackles?
both can
which of atypical/typical leads to consolidation of lung?
typical…not atypical
which of typical/atypical leads to leukocytosis?
typical
which organisms are found in typical pneumonia? 3
strep pneumo
staph a
gram neg organism
which organisms are found in atypical pneumonia? 3
chlamydia
mycoplasma
viruses
is lobar pneumonia typical or atypical presentation?
typical
is interstitial pneumonia typical or atypical presentation?
atypical
what are the five bugs for ambulatory or CAP pneumo that are common?
mycoplasma chlamydia strep pneumo haemophilus virus
aside from the five from CAP…what are the two new considerations for hospital non ICU bugs for pneumonia?
legionella and aspiration pneumonia
what are two bugs characteristically found in severe ICU pneumonia situations?
staph A
gram negative like pseudomonas
what type of bugs are common in aspiration pneumonia?
anaerobic bugs
what are two risk factors for haemophilus pneumonia?
COPD and smoking
when must you obtain culture to be able to do a gram stain?
prior to giving antibiotics…if obtained after it is useless
name the five main signs that mean a patient should be admitted to the hospital with pneumonia?
leukocytosis poor vital signs (high RR, low BP, fever, HR elevated) multilobar involvement older than 65 comorbidities
what is the most common pneumonia that HIV patients suffer from?
strep pneumo…still get it a lot
just are more susceptible to PJP
with low CD4 counts….what is different about how TB can present in HIV/AIDS patient?
it can present as a lower lobe infiltrate
