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Respiratory Week 1 > Nasal Cavity Anatomy > Flashcards

Nasal Cavity Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

what is the medial wall of the nasal cavity?

A

nasal septum

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2
Q

what forms the posterior inferior portion of the nasal septum?

A

vomer bone

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3
Q

what forms the superios portion of the nasal septum

A

perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone

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4
Q

what forms the anterior portion of the nasal septum

A

septal cartilage

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5
Q

name the three concha of the lateral wall of the nasal cavity

A

superior middle and inferior concha

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6
Q

where does the neurovasculature travel to get into the nasal cavity?

A

sphenpalatine foramen

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7
Q

name the four bones surrounding the nasal cavity that make up the paranasal sinuses

A

maxillary frontal ethmoid and sphenoid sinuses

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8
Q

name the four sinuses

A

frontal
maxillary
ethmoid cell
sphenoid

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9
Q

where do the sinuses drain?

A

all drain into the nasal cavity with ciliary beating

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10
Q

name the four passages into the lateral wall of the nasal cavity

A

sphenoethmoidal recess
superior meatus
middle meatus
inferior meatus

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11
Q

what drains in the sphenoethmoidal recess

A

sphenoid sinus

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12
Q

what drains in the superior meatus

A

posterior ethmoidal sinuses

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13
Q

what drains in the middle meatus

A

frontal sinus, maxillary sinus, remaining ethmoid sinuses

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14
Q

what drains in the inferior meatus

A

nasolacrimal duct…tears…why you get runny nose when crying

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15
Q

why is tooth ache common with maxillary sinusitis?

A

roots of the molars sit right in the maxillary floor so when maxillary gets filled it puts pressure on the roots of the teeth

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16
Q

what is the third branch of the external carotid?

A

facial artery

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17
Q

which two branches of the external carotid feed the nasal area?

A

facial and maxillary artery

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18
Q

what is the terminal branch of the maxillary artery that feeds nasal cavity and what is the other branch of the maxillary that feeds?

A

the sphenopalatine artery

greater palatine artery

19
Q

what is the branch of the internal carotid that feeds the orbit? what is the name of these branches?

A

opthalmic artery

ethmoidal arteries

20
Q

what is the name of the point where all the arteries of the nasal cavity meet

A

Kiesselbachs plexus

21
Q

name the fifth cranial nerve

A

trigeminal nerve

22
Q

what is the main role of the trigeminal nerve

A

sensation of the facial regions

23
Q

how many branches does the trigeminal nerve have

A

3

24
Q

name the three trigeminal divisions

A

opthalmic
maxillary
mandibular

25
Q

which two branches of the trigeminal innervate the nasal cavity

A

opthalmic and maxillary..but mainly maxillary

26
Q

what are the three sources of innervation to the nasal cavity

A 
olfactory nerve (I)
trigeminal nerve (V)
autonomic innervation
27
Q

what are the two sources of sensory innervation in the nasal cavity

A

V1-from ophthalmic division of trigeminal

V2- from maxillary division of trigeminal..posterior two thirds

28
Q

what is the name of the autonomic ganglion that is a big synapse point for parasympathetic innervation that lies posterior to the nasal cavity?

A

pterygopalatine ganglion

29
Q

name the three portions of the pharynx

A

naso
oro
laryngo

30
Q

which of the portions of the trigeminal nerve serve the anterior third of the nasal cavity?

A

opthalmic division or V1

31
Q

which of the portions of the trigeminal nerve serve the posterior 2/3 of the nasal cavity?

A

maxillary division or V2

32
Q

describe the route of parasympathetic transmission to the nasal cavity

A

the pre ganglionic nerves travel on the greater petrosal nerve, a part of the facial nerve or CN VII, and then pass through the pterygoid canal and synapse in the pterygopalatine ganglion just posteriorly to the nasal cavity. The post gang then rides along the Maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve to innervate glands in the nasal cavity

33
Q

what is the greater petrosal nerve? why is it important for the nasal cavity?

A

it is a portion of the facial nerve and part of the parasympathetic division of nasal cavity control rides along it

34
Q

where do preganglionic sympathetic nerves that are going to nasal cavity synapse?

A

the superior cervical ganglion

35
Q

what do the post gang sympathetic nerves serving the nasal cavity travel along before reaching the nasal cavity? what do they eventually form?

A

internal carotid artery

the deep petrosal nerve

36
Q

what is the vidian nerve? describe what it consists of?

A

the vidian nerve lies in the pterygoid canal and is made up of the great petrosal nerve and the deep petrosal nerve

remember the deep petrosal nerve is the sympathetic control of the nasal cavity and the greater petrosal nerve is the parasympathetic control of the nasal cavity

37
Q

what is a vidian neurectomy and when do you do it?

A

when you snip the vidian nerve if someone has a chronic runny nose

38
Q

what are the boundaries of the nasopharynx?

A

behind the nasal cavity and above the soft palate

39
Q

what are the four important parts of the nasopharynx?

A

opening of eustachian tubes
pharyngeal tonsils or adenoids
torus tubarius
pharyngeal recess

40
Q

what is the torus tubarius that lies within the nasopharynx?

A

a mucosa covered bulge that is from the end of the eustachian tube

41
Q

what is the pharyngeal recess that lies within the nasopharynx?

A

this is a deep slit like recess that lies posteriorly in the nasopharynx

42
Q

what can often occur in the pharyngeal recess?

A

cancerous growths

43
Q

name the two muscles that open the eustachian tubes

A

levator veli palatini

tensor veli palatini

44
Q

what are the two roles of the levator veli palatini and the tensor veli palatini?

A

they both help open the eustachian tubes and also lift the palate when swallowing to ensure no food goes into the nasopharynx

Respiratory Week 1 (18 decks)

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