Immunology of Respiratory System Flashcards
what makes up the general defense system of respiratory immune system
alveolar macros, inflammatory responses and antioxidants
what does fine particulate matter predispose people to?
premature death and things like heart attacks, strokes, asthma attacks
what does ozone predispose people to?
asthma, lung disease
what does airborne lead predispose people to?
neurologic effects in kids, HBP and heart disease in adults
what are three things that can cause the muco ciliary clearance in the lungs to not function well?
primary ciliary dyskinesia, CF, and smoking
what happens if an organism penetrates the mucociliary area?
the innate immune system will kick in and inflammation…and if bad enough will get the adaptive
what is the main defense of the nasal cavity/pharynx?
mucociliary clearance
what doe alveolar macros contain that can kill bacteria and fungi?
lysosomes
what can too many neutrophils cause?
lung damage
what do neutrophils have that causes lung damage when in excess?
proteases
name two disorders that can be caused by neutrophilia in the lungs
emphysema bronchiecstasis
what is BALT?
bronchus associated lymphoid tissue…part of adaptive immune response in respiratory system
what is the main role of dendritic cells in the respiratory?
sample environment by endocytosis and then present to the T cells and B cells at lymph nodes
explain how granulomas are formed
infected macrophages recruits other macrophages, Th1 cells B cells and neutrophils that surround it…the Th1 cells then activate the surrounding macros that can kill the bacteria with nitric oxide…
what does it signal if you have random granuloma formation
sarcoidosis
where does most of the B cell response occur in the respiratory tract? name three locations
mainly in the upper airways..
lymph nodes
waldeyers rings (tonsils)
airway mucosa
what is an action that introduces microorganisms to lower respiratory tract?
micro-aspiration/aspiration…reflux too
name the four protein defenses of the respiratory innate immunity
lactoferrins, lysozyme, defensins and collectins
what is an important cell in the allergic response in the respiratory system? what antibody drives this process?
mast cells are degranulized when IgE crosslinks on the surface receptor
are B cells mainly found in the upper, lower or both portions of the respiratory tract?
mainly the upper
