Pharmacology primer

Question 1

Suffix for ACE inhibitors? MOA?

Answer 1

-pril; Inhibits conversion of Angiotensin 1 to Angiotensin 2.
Also prevents Angiotensin 2 induced release of aldosterone.

Question 2

Suffix for DHP calcium channel blocker? MOA?

Answer 2

-dipine; Causes peripheral vasodilation.

Question 3

Suffix for thiazide diuretics? MOA?

Answer 3

-thiazide; Increases excretion of sodium and water to decrease edema.

Question 4

Suffix for Angiotensin Receptor Blocker? MOA?

Answer 4

-sartan; Blocks Angiotensin 2 from binding to receptor

Prevents Angiotensin 2 induced release of aldosterone

Question 5

Suffix for Alpha 1 Antagonists? MOA?

Answer 5

• zosin; Blocks NE effect on alpha receptors, preventing vasoconstriction

Question 6

MOA of nitrates?

Answer 6

Directly relaxes vascular smooth muscle

Question 7

Suffix for Class 3 Antiarrhythmic? MOA?

Answer 7

-darone or -tilide;

K channel blocker that prolong action potentials

Question 8

Suffix for Statins? MOA?

Answer 8

-statin; Interferes with hepatic biosynthesis of mevalonate, decreasing cholesterol synthesis and upregulates LDL receptors.

Question 9

MOA of Beta blockers?

Answer 9

Block sympathetic activation of beta receptors; Slow HR and decrease contractility

Question 10

MOA of NDHP Calcium channel blockers?

Answer 10

Blocks Calcium channels on myocardial tissue; Decreases HR and CO

Question 11

MOA of Alpha 2 Agonist?

Answer 11

“Shut off valve” to SNS; tells body to stop secreting NE

Question 12

MOA of Renin inhibitor?

Answer 12

Blocks RAAS at point of activation by inhibiting renin release

Question 13

MOA of Loop Diuretics?

Answer 13

Decreases Na and Cl reabsorption in the loop of henle and distal convoluted tubule

Question 14

MOA of Potassium Sparing Diuretics

Answer 14

Blocks aldosterone from causing water retention;

Inhibits Na reabsorption at the distal convoluted tubule, decreasing water reabsorption and increasing K retention

Question 15

Discuss Ramolazine

Answer 15

Inhibits late phase APs; No effect on BP or HR

Increases exercise tolerance and decreases frequency of angina

Question 16

Uses of Ramolazine

Answer 16

CAD pts with comorbid conditions.
Pts who have failed other therapies
Dont use for Acute angina

Question 17

Adverse effects of Ramolazine?

Answer 17

Constipation/Nausea

Question 18

MOA of Digoxin?

Answer 18

Enhance contractility by inhibiting Na/K ATPase pump

Question 19

Differentiate the classes of Antiarrhythmic drugs.

Answer 19

Class 1: Na channel blockers, slows conduction
Class 2: Beta blockers
Class 3: K channel blocker, prolong APs
Class 4: NDHP Ca channel blockers

Question 20

MOA of Fibric Acids?

Answer 20

Increase lipoprotein lipase, decreases apoC3, decreases TGs

Question 21

MOA of Bile Acid Resins?

Answer 21

Binds bile acid in GI tract

Question 22

MOA of Niacin?

Answer 22

Inhibits lipolysis and synthesis of TG

Question 23

Discuss Nitrates

Answer 23

Directly relax smooth muscle by releasing NO; Reduces myocardial oxygen demand

Question 24

Adverse effects of Nitrates?

Answer 24

Tolerance; Contraindicated with PDE-5 inhibitors (Erectile dysfunction meds), may cause severe hypotension and death

Question 25

Therapuetic effects of nitrates?

Answer 25

1. Inhibits coronary vasoconstriction.
2 Increases perfusion of myocardium
3. Diminished venous return
4. Decreased arterial pressure at higher doses.
Use for Acute situations.