Antihypertensive agents Flashcards
Name the Thiazide diuretics
Hydrochlorothiazide, Metolazone, Chlorthalidone, Indapamide
MOA of thiazide diuretics
- Works at distal tubule
2. Initially increase Na+/water excretion by inhibiting reabsorption in distal tubule
Adverse effects of thiazide diuretics
Hypernatremia, Hypokalemia, glucose intolerance
Name the Loop diuretics
Bumetanide
Furosemide
Torsemide
MOA of Loop diuretics
- Inhibit Na/K/2Cl symporter to decrease Na+ reabsorption
2. Acts on ascending loop on henle
Adverse effects of Loop diuretics
Hypokalemia, DDI w/ NSAIDs
Name the potassium sparing diuretics
- Spironolactone (aldosterone antagonist)
2. K sparing: Triamterene, amiloride
Which beta blockers are vasodilators?
Carvediol, bisprolol, propanolol
Constrict: Atenolol, metoprolol
Which population does beta blockers work best on?
High renin patients
Contraindications of beta blockers
Reynaud’s, ARBs, ACEi
Name the alpha blockers
Nonselective: Phentolamine
A1: Tamsulosin, Prazosin, Doxazosin
Adverse effects of alpha blockers
Syncope, orthostatic hypotension
MOA of alpha blockers
Decrease SVR
Name the Angiotensin Receptor Blockers
‘sartan’ suffix
MOA of Angiotensin Receptor Blockers
Block Ang II receptors: inhibit vasoconstriction, inhibit aldosterone release, inhibit SNS activation, inhibit NE release and transmission, inhibit Na+ reabsorption
Contraindications of ARBs
Pregnancy, renal artery stenosis
MOA of ACEi
NO Ionotropic effects
inhibit conversion of Ang I to Ang II (potent vasoconstrictor) thus causing vasodilation, inhibit aldosterone release
Adverse effects of ACEi
Cough, hyperkalemia
Name the Renin Inhibitor
Aliskrien
MOA of Renin inhibitor
Blocks RAAS at activation point
Adverse effects of Renin inhibitors
Hyperkalemia, GERD, diarrhea
Name the Calcium Channel blockers
DHP: ‘dipine’
NDP: diltiazem, verapamil
Differentiate DHP from NDP CCBs
DHP: Act only in periphery to lower SVR.
NDP: Work in heart, negative ionotropic effect.
Name the Direct Acting Vasodilator
Hydralazine
