Pharmacology for Estheticians

Question 1

selective seratonin inhibitors that inhibit the binding of serotonin to 5-HT3 receptors

Answer 1

5-HT2 antagonists

Question 2

a general term used for any condition that causes chest pain resulting from limited blood flow to the heart

Answer 2

acute coronary syndrome (ACS)

Question 3

a serious hypersensitive allergic reaction characterized by respiratory distress, hypotension, edema, rash, and tachycardia; immediate medical attention is necessary

Answer 3

anaphylaxis

Question 4

chest pain resulting from lack of oxygen to the heart

Answer 4

angina

Question 5

a class of drugs used to prevent the onset of an anginal attack

Answer 5

antianginals

Question 6

a class of drugs that prevent or limit the severity of the symptoms of an anxiety disorder

Answer 6

antianxiety drugs

Question 7

a class of drugs that prevent or limit the severity of the symptoms of an asthma attack

Answer 7

antiasthmatics

Question 8

a class of drugs used to limit spasms and cramping, particularly of the digestive and urinary tracts

Answer 8

anticholinergetics

Question 9

a class of drugs used to prevent or limit the severity of spastic activity resulting from certain neurological conditions

Answer 9

anticonvulsants

Question 10

a class of drugs used to prevent or limit the severity of the symptoms of depression

Answer 10

antidepressants

Question 11

a class of drugs used to prevent or limit the severity of the symptoms of nausea and vomitting

Answer 11

antiemetics

Question 12

a class of drugs used to block the action of histamine

Answer 12

antihistamines

Question 13

a class of drugs used to to prevent platelet aggregation

Answer 13

antiplatelet durgs

Question 14

a class of drugs used to prevent or limit the severity of the symptoms of psychosis

Answer 14

antipsychotics

Question 15

a class of drugs used to treat retroviruses, which use the infected individual’s DNA to replicate

Answer 15

antiretrovirals

Question 16

a class of drugs used to treat cramps of the stomach, intestines, and bladder

Answer 16

antispasmodics

Question 17

a class of drugs used to dissolve blood clots

Answer 17

antithrombotics

Question 18

a class of drugs used to prevent or limit the severity of the symptoms of peptic ulcers

Answer 18

antiulcer medications

Question 19

a heart condition characterized by irregular heartbeats; these can be harmless or potentially serious

Answer 19

arrhythmia

Question 20

a class of drugs with a sedative effect; predominantly used to treat anxiety and sleep disorders

Answer 20

benzodiazepines

Question 21

a class of drugs used to reverse acute bronchial constriction

Answer 21

bronchodilators

Question 22

an ocular condition characterized by fluid leaking from the macula, resulting in blurred vision

Answer 22

central serous retinopathy

Question 23

a condition characterized by low mood, loss on interest, loss of energy, weight changes, changes in appetite, changes in sleep patterns, fatigue, inability to concentrate feelings of low self worth, and possible thoughts of suicide

Answer 23

depression

Question 24

a bump that forms along the spine because of slow bone loss over time

Answer 24

dowanger’s hump

Question 25

a neurological condition characterized by sudden seizures

Answer 25

epilepsy

Question 26

a condition characterized by unspecific or unwarranted anxiety

Answer 26

generalized anxiety disoder (GAD)

Question 27

abnormal visions associated with certain psychoses

Answer 27

hallucinations

Question 28

a virus transmitted to humans though mice feces with potentially fatal consequences

Answer 28

hantavirus

Question 29

high blood pressure

Answer 29

hypertension

Question 30

refers to limited or reduced functioning of the immune system

Answer 30

immunocomprimised

Question 31

a state of increased alkalines in the body resulting from decreased acids

Answer 31

metabolic alkalosis

Question 32

a class of drugs used to treat depression; the exact mode of their action is not quite understood

Answer 32

monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)

Question 33

any infection or disease caused by a fungus that invades the tissues, causing superficial subcutaneous, or systemic disease; fungal infection

Answer 33

mycosis

Question 34

temporary restriction in normal blood flow to the heart and cardiac muscles

Answer 34

myocardial ischemia

Question 35

a neurotransmitter responsible for heart rate and the fight-or-flight reaction; overproduction and underprofuction are associated with several psychological conditions, including depression

Answer 35

norepinephrine

Question 36

an anxiety disorder characterized by perpetual and excessive thoughts and activities that interfere with the normal functioning of the affected individual

Answer 36

obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD)

Question 37

a fungal infection caused by fungi that use breaks in the skin or abnormal immunity to infect the body

Answer 37

oppurtunistic mycosis

Question 38

a joint condition characterized by inflammation of weight bearing joints

Answer 38

osteoarthritis

Question 39

piercing of mucous membranes or the skin barrier through such events as needlesticks, human bites, and abrasions; any drug delivery route other than through the mouth

Answer 39

parenteral

Question 40

any fungus that results in disease

Answer 40

pathogenic fungi

Question 41

wearing down of stomach and esophagus tissue, resulting in frequent stomach pain, especially after eating

Answer 41

peptic ulcer

Question 42

a persistent, irrational fear of a specific or a particular object or situation or activity that compels a desire to avoid it

Answer 42

phobia

Question 43

responsiveness to sunlight

Answer 43

photosensitivity

Question 44

chemical dependence in which the body thinks it needs a particular substance to continue to function

Answer 44

physical dependence

Question 45

in research methodology, a substance that appears similar to but is not the same substance as what is given to the experimental group; may also be a substance that is given to a patient but has no pharmacological effect

Answer 45

placebo

Question 46

a mental disorder occuring after a traumatic event not in the range of common experience. it is often characterized by symptoms such as reliving the event of social withdrawal, and it may cause hyperalertness and exaggerated startle response

Answer 46

post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

Question 47

a type of chemical dependance in which the affected individual thinks he or she needs a substance in order to function

Answer 47

psychological dependence

Question 48

a type of antidepressant that allows for more productive use of the neurotransmitter serotonin

Answer 48

selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)

Question 49

a neurotransmitter that is associated with many psychoses, especially depression

Answer 49

serotonin

Question 50

a fungal infection occurring below the skin

Answer 50

subcutaneous mycosis

Question 51

under the tongue

Answer 51

sublingual

Question 52

a skin condition that results from the introduction of vegetative matter to an open wound; infection is limited to the dermis

Answer 52

superficial mycosis

Question 53

a fungal infection that affets the internal organs

Answer 53

systemic mycosis

Question 54

the most commonly presecribed type of antidepressant used to treat milder cases of depression or anxiety

Answer 54

tricyclics (TCAs)

Question 55

any agent that neutralizes stomach acids

Answer 55

antacid