Infection Control Flashcards
the rapid onset, short term initial stage of disease; opposite of chronic
acute
destroying or stopping the growth of bacteria
antibacterial
destructive to or preventing the development of microorganisms; an agent that destroys or prevents the development of microorganisms
antimicrobial
sterility; condition free from germs and any form of life
asepsis
a disease where the body produces a defective immunological response against itself; immune system produces antibodies against normal parts of the body to such an extent as to cause tissue injury
autoimmune disorder
reproductive cells, usually unicellular, produced by plants and some protozoa; remarkably resistant to heat, drying, and the action of disinfectants
bacterial spores
transmitted through direct blood-to-blood contact, such as by sharing needles or through a blood transfusion
bloodborne
federal agency that establishes guidelines and makes recommendations for ensuring public health
Centers for Disease Controls (CDC)
long term or persistent disease; opposite of acute
chronic
communicable; transmitted readily from one person to another either directly or indirectly; refers to organisms that cause disease
contagious
rendered impure; soiled, stained, polluted; rendered unfit for use through introduction of a substance that is harmful or injurous
contaminated
to use physical or chemical means to remove, inactivate, or destroy bloodborne pathogens or other potentially infectious materias on a surface or item so that they are no longer capable of transmitting infectious particles; surface is rendered safe for handling, use, or disposal
decontaminated
an infection that occurs when bacteria travel from a site where they were harmless to a site where they cause infection
endogenous infection
devices that isolate or remove bloodborne pathogen hazards from the workplace; examples include sharps containers, hand washing facilities, eyewash stations, and labels
engineering controls
report that details the contact between the eye, the mouth, other mucous membranes, nonintact skin, or other parenteral contact with blood or other potentially infectious material that results from the performance of job duties
exposure incident report
process of becoming immune or rendering a person immune to a pathogen
immunization
tissue damage due to repeated physical contact to the tissue
mechanical irritation
branch of biology that studies microscopic organisms, some of which can be infectious, and their effects on humans
microbiology
membrane that lines a passage or cavity that communicates with the air. consits of a surface layer of epithelium, a basement membrane, and an underlying layer of connective tissue. mucous secreting cells or glands are present in the epithelium but may be absent
mucous membranes
infection acquired in a hospital or other health care environment as the result of medical treatment
nosocomoidal infection
reasonably anticipated skin, eye, mucous membrane, or potential contact with blood or OPIM that may result from the performance of an employee’s job duties
occupational exposure
bacteria that will not cause harm when on a healthy host, but once they have entered the skin and the chain of infection is not broken, they can cause infection and disease
oppurtunistic bacteria
any living thing, plant, or animal; may be unicellular or multicellular
organism
human body fluids, and situations where it is impossible to differentiate between body fluids
other potentially infectious material (OPIM)