Pharmacology Flashcards
all severities of croup acute pharmacological management
PO dexamethasone 0.15mg/kg
sever croup additional pharmacological management
nebulised adrenaline 5mL 1:1000
examples of macrolides
M, Azithromycin, Clarithromycin, R, O, L, I, D, Erythromycin
pharmacological management of whooping cough
macrolide (azithromycin or clarithromycin)
anti-diarrhoeal agent
loperamide
zopiclone in elderly increases risk of
falls
zopiclone is used for
insomnia
clindamycin treatment is associated with a high risk of
C. diff - diarrhoea
bisphosphonates uses
prevention/Rx of osteoporosis, hypercalcaemia, Paget’s DZ, bone met pain
bisphosphonates SE
oesophagitis, oesophageal ulcers, osteonecrosis of the jaw, atypical stress #, fever, myalgia, arthralgia
how to take bisphosphonates
empty stomach, swallow whole, full glass of water, upright + NBM for 30’
bisphosphonate examples
alendronate
digoxin is used for
rate control AF
features of digoxin toxicity
lethargy, N, V, anorexia, confusion, yellow-green vision, arrhythmias, gynaecomastia
ABx CI in pregnancy
tetracyclines, aminoglycosides, sulphonamides, trimethoprim, quinolones
other drugs to avoid in pregnancy
ACEi, AGIIR antagonists, statins, warfarin, sulphonylureas, retinoids, cytotoxic agents, NSAIDs
SE of flucloxacillin
cholestasis (several weeks afterwards)
SE of erythromycin
GI upset, prolonged QT, cholestasis
SE of ciprofloxacin
reduced seizure threashold, tendonitis
SE amoxacillin
rash with infectious mononucleosis
SE co-amoxiclav
cholestasis
SE metronidazole
reaction following EtOH ingestion
SE doxycyclizine
photosensitivity
SE trimethoprim
rashes (inc photosensitivity), pruitis, suppression of haematopoiesis
drugs which might cause urinary retention
TCA, anticholinergics, opioids, NSAIDs, disopyramide
pharmacological causes of polyuria
diuretics, Li, caffeine, EtOH
SE of a-blockers
postural hypotension, drowsiness, dyspepsia, cough
a-blockers are mainly used in the Rx of
BPH, HTN
a-blocker examples
doxazosin, tamsulosin
B-blocker indications
angina, post-MI, HF, arrhythmias, HTN, thyrotoxicosis, migraine prophylaxis, anxiety
B-blocker examples
atenolol, propranolol
SE of B-blockers
bronchospasm, cold peripheries, fatigue, sleep disturbances (inc nightmares)
B-blocker CI
uncontrolled HF, asthma, sick sinus S, concurent verapanil use (may precipitate severe bradycardia)
drugs that cause gingival hyperplasia
phenytoin, ciclosporin, CaChB (esp nifedipine)
chronic SE of phenytoin
hirsuitism, coarsening of facial features
6 drugs which can exacerbate psoriasis
B-blockers, Li, antimalarials (chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine), NSAIDs, ACEi, infliximab
3 drugs/classes CI in asthma
NSAIDs. B-blockers, adenosine
Li toxicity features
coarse tremor, hyperreflexia, acute confusion, seizure, coma
4 drugs to stop in renal failure
ABx (tetracycline, nitrofurantoin), NSAIDs, Li, metformin
6 drug causes of SIADH
sulphonylureas, SSRIs, TCA, carbamazepine, vincristine, cyclophosphamide
5 drugs/classes that increase K
ACEi, AG2RB, spironolactone, K-sparing diuretics, K supplements
