Pharmacogenomics

Question 1

Explain the timeline for the progress of drug receptor interactions

Answer 1

1900- Ehrlich and Langley
compounds exhibited biological activity by binding to cellular constituents

1926- Receptor occupancy theory
proposed model to explain drug action on receptors

1970- Development of radio glands
visualisation and quantification of hormone and neurotransmitter binding sites for drug in tissues and cells

1980s Receptor cloning
Application of molecular biology to isolate receptor genes. Expression of mutant/chimeric receptors to identify drug binding sites

Question 2

What are Adverse drug reaction

Answer 2

Unint4eded events that occur at drug disease used in humans for prophylaxis, diagnosis therapy or modification of physiological function.

Question 3

What is precision medicine

Answer 3

Influence of genetic variation on drug response by patients by correlating gene expression.

Question 4

What is a haplotype

Answer 4

Combination of SNPs present at different genetic locations that are transmitted tighter on the same chromatid.

Question 5

What are the predicted benefits of personalised medicine

Answer 5

Advanced screening
For early detection of genetic predisposition to disease and inform lifestyle changes to minimise risk

better drugs

improved regimens

Question 6

How can SNP be used to inform drug treatment

Answer 6

Precision oncology

Pharmacogenmoics

Question 7

Define Warfarin

Answer 7

Oral anti coagulant

Administered to patients with increased thrombotic tendency

Question 8

Describe warfarin structure

Answer 8

Single chiral centre at C9

Racemate