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PHARMA protein Synthesis Inhibitors Flashcards

0
Q

Bind to 50s subunit and block TRANSLOCATION (step 2)

A

Macrolides

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1
Q

Bind to 50s subunit and inhibit PEPTIDYLTRANSFERASE

A

Chloramphenicol

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2
Q

Bind to 30s subunit and inhibit binding of incoming charged aminoacyl-tRNA unit to the acceptor site (step 1)

A

Tetracyclins

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3
Q

Inhibit formation of initation complex and misread codes

A

Aminoglycosides

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4
Q

Bind 30s?

A

Clindamycin

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5
Q

Should not be given with bivalent metal ions like antacids

A

Tetracyclins

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6
Q

Give 3 tetracyclins

A

Minocycline
Doxycycline
Tigecycline

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7
Q

Minocycline use

A

For meningococceal carrier state

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8
Q

DOC for patients with renal insufficiencies

A

Doxycycline

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9
Q

Broad spectrum but proteus and p aeruginosa are intrinsically resistant

A

Tigecycline

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10
Q

MLS stands for?

A

Macrolide
Lincosamide
Streptogramins

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11
Q

Inhibitors of cyp3A4

A

Macrolides and clindamycin

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12
Q

Prototypic macrolide drug

A

Erythromycin

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13
Q

Used against gram positive organisms

A

Erythromycin

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14
Q

Most common reason for discontinuing erythromycin

A

Adr of GI intolerance(erythromycin activates motillin receptors)

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15
Q

More active against MAC

A

Clarithromycin

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16
Q

Advantages of clarithromycin over erythromycin

A

Less gi intolerance

Less frequent dosing

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17
Q

Codrug of choice against chlamydia along with doxycycline

A

Azithromycin

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18
Q

Clindamycin + aminoglycoside or cephalosporin

A

Tx of penetrating wounds of the abdomen or gut

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19
Q

Alternative to cotri against moderately severe pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia in aids patients

A

Clindamycin + primaquine

20
Q

For aids related toxoplasmosis of the brain

A

Clindamycin + pyrimethamine

21
Q

Always associated with pseudomembranous enterocolitis

A

Clindamycin

22
Q

Combination of 2 streptogramins

A

Quinupristin-Dalfopristin (B and A respectively)

23
Q

MLS type A resistant organisms are resistant to what streptogramin?

A

Dalfopristin

24
Q

Resistance of chloramphenicol

A

Transacetylase

25
Q

Approved for tx of infections by staph or vancomycin resistant e. Faecium

A

Quinupristin dalfopristin

26
Q

Rarely used because it has lots of adrs

A

Chloramphenicol

27
Q

Gray baby syndrome

A

Chloramphenicol because babies cant glucoronate chloramphenicol yet

28
Q

Tx for serious rickettsial infections, but not chlamydia

A

Chloramphenicol

29
Q

Other adrs of chloramphenicol

A

Gi disturbance

Bone marrow suppression - dose related and fatal aplastic anemia

30
Q

Explain how aminoglycosides can be bacteriostatic and bacteriocidal at the same time

A

Bacteriostatic - interfere with initiation complex of peptide formation

Bacteriocidal - misreading of mrna and coding non functional proteins

31
Q

Resistance by adenylation acetylation phosphorylation etc

A

Aminoglycosides

32
Q

Oxygen dependent, so cant be used on anaerobics

A

Aminoglycosides

33
Q

4 reasons why once daily dosing for aminoglycosides is enough

A

Nephrotoxic
Narrow therapeutic range
High PAE
concentration dependent

34
Q

ADRS of aminoglycosides

A 
Nephrotoxic
Ototoxic
Vestibular dysf
NM blockade
Contact dermatitis
35
Q

Polar, poorly absorbed, always parenteral

A

Aminoglycosides

36
Q

Most ototoxic aminoglycosides

A

NKA
neomycin
Kanamycin
Amikacin

37
Q

Most vestibulotoxic aminoglycoside

A

Streptomycin

Gentamicin

38
Q

Most nephrotoxic aminoglycoside

A

NTG
neomycin
Tobramycin
Gentamicin

39
Q

Adr contact dermatitis

40
Q

Fifth agent for tb

A

Streptomycin

41
Q

Causes deafness in newborn if given in pregnancy

A

Streptomycin

42
Q

Used in severe infections, in IM IV or topical form

A

Gentamicin

43
Q

Available in inhalational form for p aeruginosa lrti in complicated cystic fibrosis

A

Tobramycin

44
Q

For topical and oral use only aminoglycoside

A

Neomycin and kanamycin

45
Q

Alternative tx for drug resistant gonorrhea

A

Spectinomycin

46
Q

Inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 23s rRNA of 50s subunit

A

Oxazolinidones

47
Q

Most common adr of linezolid

A

Thrombocytopenia

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