Pharm 6 Anti-virals Flashcards
DNA virus RNA (protein transcription) blocker
Foscarnet
DNA virus DNA blocker (4)
Foscarnet
Trifluridine
Acyclovir
Gancyclovir
4 DNA viruses
Adenoviruses (pharyngoconjunctivitis)
Papillomaviruses
HSV
VZV
Acyclovir
Prodrug (Ac-TP)
- SE Nausea, diarrhea
- SE Transient renal dysfunction (hydrate)
Gancyclovir toxicity
Neutropenia
-CNS effects, carcinogenic
Foscarnet
Block DNA/RNA replication
- Tx gancyclovir-resistant CMV
- SE Nephrotoxicity
Trifluridine
Block DNA replication
- Tx HSV keratoconjunctivitis
- SE Corneal inflammation
HSV mnemonic
For herpes give Acyclovir To patient
- Foscarnet
- Acyclovir
- Trifluridine
CMV mnemonic
For CMV give Gancyclovir
- Foscarnet
- Gancyclovir
Flu Tx
Neuraminidase inhibitors (prevention)
- Zanamivir
- Oseltamivir
Zanamivir SE
Bronchospasm in asthmatics
Oseltamivir SE
Nausea
Interferons
Immune response against virus
-Induce JAK-STAT in patients, cease protein transcription
Interferon indication
Kaposi sarcoma Hep C (w/Ribavirin)
Ribavirin mnemonic
RIBAvirin
- RSV
- Influenza B
- Adenoviruses
Ribavirin SE
Anemia (systemic, not aerosol)
Teratogenic
HIV Tx indication
Not at CD4 above 400
HAART therapy SE (4)
Metabolic syndrome (DM)
Lipodystrophy (hunchback)
Liver problems
Increased bleeding
AZT
Thymidine-like reverse-transcriptase inhibitor
-Given for pregnant women
AZT toxicity inducing drugs
PAL, I Care
- Probenecid (gout)
- Acetaminophen
- Lorazepam
- Indomethacin (NSAID)
- Cimetidine (anti-H)
AZT toxicity
-Bone marrow (anemia, leukopenia)
Didanosine
AZT resistance
-SE severe (pancreas, liver)
Zalcitabine
AZT adjunct
-SE peripheral neuropathy
Stavudine SE
- peripheral neuropathy
- lactic acidosis, hyperlipidemia (w/AZT)
Lamuvidine
Emtricitabine
Slows AZT resistance
-SE pancreatitis in children
Trizivir
Lamuvidine, Zidovudine (AZT), Abacavir
Abacavir
Adjunct to AZT or Lamuvidine
-SE hypersensitivity reaction
Tenofovir
Chain terminator, NRTI
- Tx HIV, HBV
- Prophylactic??
Tenofovir SE
- Flatulence
- CI with lamuvidine, abacavir, didanosine
Nucleoside RT inhibitor mnemonic
ZIDdy went NUClear and DID STAB A BABy LAMb
- Zidovudine
- Didanosine
- Stavudine
- Abacavir
- Lamivudine
NNRTI mechanism
Modify reverse transcriptase conformation
Efavirenz
NNRTI
- Use with lamuvidine, AZT
- SE CYP2B6 (psych) interactions
Nevirapine
NNRTI
- SE Rash
- CI St. John’s wort
- lowers estrogen OC effectiveness
Delavirdine
NNRTI
-CYP3A4 interactions (psych, rifampin)
Protease inhibitor -suffix
-navir
Good protease inhibitor Tx for resistant HIV
Amprenavir
-Lopinavir/Ritonavir
Enfuvirtide
Fusion inhibitor (hemagglutinin) -Inject twice daily
Maraviroc
Fusion inhibitor (CCR5 chemokine-R) -Many toxicities
DNA virus Tx -suffix
-lovir-
RNA virus Tx -suffix
- ine
- mivir
- avir