Path 2 Child

Question 1

Micrognathia

Answer 1

Chin malformation

Question 2

Talipes Equinovarus

Answer 2

Foot supination - deformation

Question 3

Initiating event in potter syndrome

Answer 3

Renal agenesis

Question 4

Aplasia

Answer 4

Incomplete development of organ

Question 5

Atresia

Answer 5

Absence of opening or hollow organ

Question 6

Embryonic week 0-3

Answer 6

Not susceptible to teratogenesis

-Only death/abortion

Question 7

Teratogenic period

Answer 7

4-9 weeks

Question 8

Rubella syndrome triad

Answer 8

Cataracts
Deafness
Congenital heart defects

Question 9

Cyclopamine

Answer 9

From plants

• Hedgehog mutation
• Holoprosencephaly, craniofacial

Question 10

Valproic acid

Answer 10

Homeobox HOX mutation

-Limbs, vertebra, cranium, face

Question 11

Vit A (all-trans-retinoic acid)

Answer 11

Cleft lip, cleft palate

-CNS, cardiac defects

Question 12

Thalidomide

Answer 12

Phocomelia (limb hypoplasia)

Question 13

Fetal alcohol syndrome

Answer 13

Short palpebral fissures

• ASD
• Microsomia/cephaly

Question 14

Diabetes

Answer 14

Macrosomia

Question 15

2 Transcervical (birth) perinatal infections

Answer 15

HSV

Group B strep

Question 16

Funisitis

Answer 16

Umbilical vein inflammation

Question 17

TORCH

Answer 17

Transplacental perinatal infection

• Toxoplasma
• Syphilis
• Rubella
• CMV
• HSV

Question 18

Congenital CMV

Answer 18

Periventricular calcifications

Owl eye inclusions

Question 19

Congenital HSV

Answer 19

Temporal encephalitis
Microglial nodules, giant cells
Perivascular cuffing

Question 20

Premature definition

Answer 20

Age <2500 grams

Question 21

Premature GI defect

Answer 21

Necrotizing enterocolitis

Question 22

Premature brain defect

Answer 22

Intraventricular hemorrhage

Question 23

Premature RDS problem

Answer 23

Type II pneumocytes immature

-Deficient surfactant (lecithin, dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine)

Question 24

RDS synonym

Answer 24

Hyaline membrane disease

Question 25

2 RDS complications

Answer 25

Retrolental fibroplasia (lens neovascularization)
-Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

Question 26

Necrotizing enterocolitis Dx

Answer 26

Pneumatosis intestinalis

Question 27

Turner syndrome tumor

Answer 27

Lymphangioma of the neck

-Cystic Hygroma

Question 28

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome

Answer 28

Infant brain stem abnormalities - defective arousal and cardiorespiratory control

Question 29

SIDS brain hypoplasia

Answer 29

Arcuate Nucleus

Question 30

Hydrops fetalis (immune)

Answer 30

Anti-Rh Ab

-Fetal anemia, jaundice, kernicterus

Question 31

Hemolytic Disease of Newborn Tx

Answer 31

RhoGAM

-Only prevents anti-Rh, not anti-ABO

Question 32

Erythroblastosis fetalis

Answer 32

Non-immune hydrops fetalis

-Extramedullary hematopoiesis

Question 33

Viral hydrops fetalis

Answer 33

Parvovirus B19

• Aplastic anemia (replicates in normoblasts)
• Liver failure, hypoalbuminemia