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Pharmacology LECOM SH > Pharm 30 Endocrine Pancreas/Glucose Homeostasis Part I > Flashcards

Pharm 30 Endocrine Pancreas/Glucose Homeostasis Part I Flashcards

1
Q

alpha-glucosidase inhibitors (3)

A

acarbose
migitol
voglibose

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2
Q

Prandial Bolus Insulins (4)

A 
"LAGeR"
Insulin Lispro
Insulin aspart
Insulin glulisine
Regular Insulin
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3
Q

Basal “ long acting “ insulins (3)

A

NPH insulin
insulin glargine
Insulin detemir

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4
Q

First generation sulfonylureas (4)

A 
TACT
tolbulamide
acetohexamide
chlorpropamide 
tolazamide
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5
Q

Second generation sulfonylureas (5)

A 
G's
Glimepiride
Glipizide
Glibenclamide
Gliclazide
Gliquidone
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6
Q

Meglitinides (2)

A

Nateglinide

Repaglinide

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7
Q

The biguanide (insulin sensitizer

A

Metformin

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8
Q

Amylin Analogue

A

Pramlintide

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9
Q

GLP-1 analoges

A

“El” GLP-1 analogues
Exenatide
Liraglutide

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10
Q

DPP-4 inhibitors

A

Sit-Sax (instead of the sitaur)
Sitagliptin
Saxagliptin

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11
Q

Thiazolidinediones (insulin sensitizers)

A

TZDs

Rosiglitazone

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12
Q

Somatostatin analogue

A

Octreotide

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13
Q

MOA: Bind avidly to intestinal brush border alpha glucosidase enzymes, slowing breakdown and absorption of dietary carbohydrates such as dextrin, and disaccharides

A
  • alpha glucosidase inhibitors (acarbose, migitol, voglibose)
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14
Q

Contraindications Include cirrhosis, DKA, digestive problems, IBD, and Bowel obstruction

A

alpha-glucosidases

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15
Q

hypoglycemia is the sole CI for

A

Exogenous insulin

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16
Q

DKA is the sole CI for

A

Sulfonylureas

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17
Q

DKA + Type 1 diabetes are the CIs for

A

Meglitinides

18
Q

Contraindications are metabolic acidosis, Hepatic disease, Renal impairment, Respiratory distress, Alcohol abuse, Septicemia, Heart failure

A

Metformin

19
Q

What may result in a patient on Metformin that has received iodinated contrast media if acute alteration of renal function is an underlying issue ?

A

Lactic Acidosis

20
Q

Hypoglycemia + Gastroparesis CI for

A

Pramlintide

21
Q

ype 1 dm + DKA CI for

A

Incretins (GLP-1 analogues and DPP4 inhibitors

22
Q

Heart failure is the sole CI for

A

TZDs

23
Q

Patient with a pheochromocytoma cannot receive

A

exogenous glucagon

24
Q

Type 2 dm and polycystic ovarian syndrom are indicated for use of

A

Metformin

25
Q

Both Type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus can receive

A

Pramlinitide

26
Q

Hypoglycemia + Malignant hypertension(off-label) are both indications to use

A

Diazoxide

27
Q

Hypoglycemia + intestinal relaxant before radiography of GI indicated with

A

Exogenous glucagon

28
Q

Hypoglycemia, Rash, diarrhea, nausea, and dizziness are ADRs of

A

Meglitinides

29
Q

Nausea is the only ADR of

A

Pramlintide

30
Q

Hypoglycemia nausea vomitting diarrhea nervousness , dizziness and HEADACHE are ADRs of

A

GLP-1 analogues

31
Q

Rash, nausea, vomitting, are ADRS of

A

Glucagon

32
Q

Abdominal pain, diarrhea, flatulence, elvated serum AMINOTRANSFERASE levels, elevated plasma TGs are ADRs of

A

Exogenous Insulin

33
Q

Diarrhea, flatulence , nausea, vomiting , COBALAMIN DEF. and LACTIC ACIDOSIS are ADRs of

A

Metformin

34
Q

ADRs of Exog. Insulin

A

lipodystrophy , injection site rxn, hypoglycemia

35
Q

unique ADRs for DPP4 inhibitors (2)

A

mild increase in serum creatinin level and nasopharyngitis

36
Q

ADRs of TZD or Diazoxide ?

fluid retention, DKA, hypernatremia

A

Diazoxide

37
Q

ADRs of TZD or Diazoxide ?

cholestatic hepatitis hepatoxicity, diabetic macular edema

A

TZD

38
Q

ADRs of TZD or Diazoxide ?

angina hypotension, tachyarrhytmia, hirsutism

A

DIazoxide

39
Q

ADRs of TZD or Diazoxide ?

hyperglycemia, dyspepsia, dizzines, glucosuria

A

Diazoxide

40
Q

ADRs of TZD or Diazoxide ?

Edema , weight gain, increased HDL/LDL, decreased TG and FFA

A

TZD

Pharmacology LECOM SH (24 decks)

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