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UKMLA Prep > Personality Disorders > Flashcards

Personality Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

What is Schizotypal Personality Disorder characterized by?

A

Impaired cognition, leading to odd thinking and perceptual abnormalities

Originates from disorganized thinking, often resembling semi-psychosis.

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2
Q

List some common symptoms of Schizotypal Personality Disorder (8)

A
  • Distorted reality
  • Odd ideas
  • Eccentricity
  • Unusual experiences
  • Superstition and religiosity
  • Suspiciousness
  • Reclusiveness
  • Paranoia

Includes negative symptoms and distrustful nature.

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3
Q

What is the main trait of Schizoid Personality Disorder?

A

Impaired social communication, leading to insensitivity to social norms

Originates from emotional coldness.

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4
Q

Describe the typical behavior of a patient with Schizoid Personality Disorder (4)

A
  • Aloof
  • Cold and indifferent
  • Prefers isolation
  • Indifferent to praise or criticism

Often leads to interpersonal problems.

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5
Q

What type of management is commonly used for personality disorders?

A
  • MDT approach
  • Psychotherapy (CBT/DBT)
  • Medication (anti-depressants or anti-psychotics)

This combination helps with interpersonal effectiveness and emotional regulation.

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6
Q

What is Conduct Disorder?

A

A type of personality disorder seen in children, characterized by persistent, aggressive behavior

Similar to antisocial personality disorder.

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7
Q

What are some causes of Conduct Disorder?

A
  • Family conflict
  • Violent parents
  • Alcoholic parents

These factors contribute to the development of the disorder.

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8
Q

Fill in the blank: Schizotypal Personality Disorder patients may exhibit _______ thinking and speech.

A

[strange]

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9
Q

True or False: Patients with Schizoid Personality Disorder have a strong desire for companionship.

A

False

They lack desire for companionship and sexual interactions.

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10
Q

What behaviors might a child with Conduct Disorder engage in?

A
  • Stealing
  • Arson
  • Fighting
  • Damage to property

They often show disobedience and lack remorse for their actions.

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11
Q

What is a common symptom of Schizotypal Personality Disorder related to social interactions?

A

Lack of close friends and excessive social anxiety

This contributes to their reclusiveness.

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12
Q

What is the definition of personality?

A

The range of characteristic behavioural responses that a person deploys in order to negotiate the challenges produced by the outside world and their internal feelings.

Personality comprises cognition, impulse control, social interactions, and emotions.

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13
Q

What are the four main components of personality?

A
  • Cognition
  • Impulse control
  • Social interactions
  • Emotions

These components help define personality and indicate when it may become abnormal.

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14
Q

What characterizes a personality disorder?

A

One or more components of personality has reached an abnormal level.

Criteria include: childhood responses, significant quantitative difference, distress or impairment, and not due to another mental disorder or medical condition.

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15
Q

What is Emotionally Unstable Personality Disorder also known as?

A

Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD).

BPD is one of the most common personality disorders.

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16
Q

What is a key feature of BPD regarding emotional responses?

A

Ranging emotions of high amplitude.

BPD patients experience extreme emotional fluctuations.

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17
Q

What is secure attachment in childhood?

A

The first thing a child learns is how to form a secure attachment, usually to a parent.

This foundational skill is often lacking in BPD patients.

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18
Q

How do BPD patients typically form relationships?

A

They form very fast intense relationships that do not last and are insecure.

This is a result of not experiencing secure attachment.

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19
Q

What is distress tolerance in child development?

A

Children learn how to manage their emotions in response to distressing stimuli.

BPD patients struggle with this skill and may throw temper tantrums.

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20
Q

What behaviors do BPD patients engage in when stressed?

A

Unhelpful behaviors like self-harm.

This is a maladaptive response to stress.

21
Q

What is emotion literacy?

A

The ability to be aware of and control one’s emotions in social situations.

BPD patients often lack this skill and react inappropriately.

22
Q

What is self-identity in adolescence?

A

A stable sense of who we are as individuals.

BPD patients do not achieve this stable sense of identity.

23
Q

What is a defining trait of Histrionic Personality Disorder?

A

Impaired self-confidence, leading to extroverted behaviour to gain attention

Patients often exhibit excessive fears of being alone and go out of their way to seek support.

24
Q

What behavior is commonly associated with Histrionic Personality Disorder?

A

Very attention seeking, dressing flamboyantly, and wearing make-up to gain attention of others

Patients display dramatic and impressionistic speech.

25
Q

What is the origin of Histrionic Personality Disorder?

A

Stems from a need to be the centre of attention

This need drives their attention-seeking behavior.

26
Q

How do patients with Histrionic Personality Disorder typically express their emotions?

A

Through provocative behaviour with exaggerated emotions

Their emotions are considered more intimate than they actually are.

27
Q

What is a key characteristic of individuals with Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder?

A

Excessive obsession with rules, lists, schedules, and order

This obsession is pursued at the expense of leisurely activities.

28
Q

What is the origin of Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder?

A

Stems from a pervasive pursuit of efficiency

Patients devote themselves to work and productivity, often neglecting interpersonal relationships.

29
Q

How do patients with Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder differ from those with OCD?

A

Their obsessional thoughts are not unwanted but rather intentional

Patients exhibit a formal and professional approach in their relationships and speech.

30
Q

What characterizes Narcissistic Personality Disorder?

A

Impaired sense of self leading to perceived self-importance

This disorder stems from a constant need for admiration from others.

31
Q

What are common fantasies experienced by patients with Narcissistic Personality Disorder?

A

Constant fantasies of success and power

Patients often lack remorse in their pursuit of personal goals.

32
Q

What attitude do individuals with Narcissistic Personality Disorder typically exhibit?

A

Envious of others with an arrogant attitude

This contributes to their interpersonal difficulties.

33
Q

What is a defining trait of Paranoid Personality Disorder?

A

Impaired ability to form relationships or confide in others

This disorder stems from a pervasive lack of trust.

34
Q

What behaviors are indicative of Paranoid Personality Disorder?

A

Recurrent suspicions about partner’s loyalty and preoccupation with conspiracy theories

Patients are hypersensitive and bear grudges when insulted.

35
Q

What are the diagnostic criteria for Emotionally Unstable Personality Disorder?

A

Intense interpersonal relationships which alternate between love and hate, huge fear of abandonment, unstable image of self, difficulty controlling temper, unstable affect, impulsive behaviour in two different domains, recurrent suicidal behaviour, persistent feeling of emptiness, quasi psychotic thoughts.

These criteria highlight the emotional instability and impulsive nature of the disorder.

36
Q

What are the two types of Emotionally Unstable Personality Disorder?

A

Borderline type and impulsive type.

Borderline type involves acts of self-harm, while impulsive type features high impulsive behaviors without self-harm.

37
Q

What is a key difference between Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) and Bipolar Disorder?

A

BPD usually has a history of child abuse, while Bipolar Disorder is not always linked to child abuse.

This distinction helps in accurate diagnosis and treatment.

38
Q

In BPD, how are emotions typically associated?

A

Emotions are associated with life events.

This means emotional responses are often triggered by specific events.

39
Q

What characterizes Antisocial/Dissocial Personality Disorder?

A

Impaired impulse control, high aggressiveness, insensitivity, disregard for social norms.

This disorder is more common in men and involves a lack of remorse.

40
Q

What are common traits of Avoidant/Anxious Personality Disorder?

A

Impaired emotional confidence, high anxiety and tension due to fear of criticism or rejection.

Patients often avoid social contact but crave it, leading to isolation.

41
Q

How do patients with Dependent Personality Disorder typically behave?

A

Excessive need to be taken care of, clinging behavior, and a desire for others to make decisions for them.

This stems from a fear of being left alone.

42
Q

What is a fill-in-the-blank statement for the core feature of Antisocial Personality Disorder?

Impaired _______ control, leading to high aggressiveness and insensitivity.

A

Impulse

43
Q

True or False: Patients with Avoidant Personality Disorder have a strong sense of self-confidence.

A

False.

They typically experience a huge inferiority complex.

44
Q

What is a characteristic behavior of individuals with Borderline Personality Disorder?

A

Repeated acts of self-harm.

This reflects their emotional instability and coping mechanisms.

45
Q

What is the main origin of Avoidant Personality Disorder?

A

Fear of criticism or rejection from others.

This fear significantly impacts their social interactions.

46
Q

What is a common outcome for individuals with Antisocial Personality Disorder regarding their employment?

A

They are often irresponsible and cannot hold down a job.

This irresponsibility is linked to their disregard for social norms.

47
Q

How do individuals with Dependent Personality Disorder interact with their partners?

A

They cling to their partners and want them to take substantial roles in their lives.

This behavior is driven by their fear of abandonment.

48
Q

Schizoid personality explanation and example

A
  • Prefers solitude, shows little emotion, and avoids close relationships because they don’t care for them.
  • Example: Squidward —he’s aloof, prefers being alone, and dislikes engaging with others.
49
Q

Schizotypal Personality Disorder:

A
  • Socially awkward with odd beliefs, magical thinking, or eccentric behavior.
    Example: Joker—His social interactions are chaotic, driven by his unpredictable nature and warped worldview.

UKMLA Prep (39 decks)

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