Personality Flashcards
What is the psychoanalytic perspective?
Personality results from unconcious urges and desires
Name psychoanalytic psychologists
Freud, jung, adler, horney
Describe Freud’s Id, Ego, Superego
Id: Base urges of survival and reproduction.
Superego: The idealist and perfectionist.
Ego: Mediator between the two and the conscious mind.
The ego uses defense mechanisms to decrease stress
What is Carl Jung known for?
Collective unconscious links all humans together.
Personality is influenced by archetypes.
What did Adler and Horney believe?
Unconscious is motivated by social urges
Name 2 humanistic psychologists and list their views.
Emphasizes the internal feelings of healthy individuals as
they strive for happiness and self-realization. Maslow’s
hierarchy of needs and Rogers’s unconditional positive
regard flow from the humanistic view of personality.
Type and Trait Theory
Personality can be described by identifiable traits that
carry characteristic behaviors.
PEN Trait theory
Psychoticism (nonconformity), extraversion
sociable), neuroticism (arousal in stressful situations
Big Five Trait theory
Big Five: Openness, conscientiousness, extraversion,
agreeableness, and neuroticism. OCEAN mnemonic.
What are cardinal traits?
Cardinal traits (traits around which a person organizes their life)
What are secondary traits?
secondary traits (more personal characteristics and limited in occurrence).
What are central traits?
central traits (major characteristics of personality),
What is social cognitive perspective?
Individuals react with their environment in a cycle called
reciprocal determinism. People mold their environments
according to their personality, and those environments in
turn shape their thoughts, feelings and behaviors.
Behaviorist perspective
Our personality develops as a result of operant
conditioning. E.g. it is reward and punishment based.
Biological perspective of personality
Behavior can be explained as a result of genetic
expression.
