Peritoneum

Question 1

Describe the two layers of the peritoneum

Answer 1

parietal layer: lines the body wall, has abundant pain fibers via nerves from the body wall

visceral layer: covers viscera, lacks pain fibers

Question 2

Intraperitoneal organs are covered by what on most sides?

Answer 2

visceral peritoneum

Question 3

Intraperitoneal organs are suspended by what from the body wall?

Answer 3

mesentary

Question 4

True or False?

retroperitoneal organs are only covered by parietal peritoneum on one side

Answer 4

true

Question 5

What are the intraperitoneal organs?

Answer 5

stomach, small intestine, spleen, liver, ovaries, gallbladder, cecum, large intestine, uterine tubes

Question 6

What are the retroperitoneal organs?

Answer 6

kidneys, pancreas, urinary bladder, ureters, gonads, aorta and inferior vena cava, part of duodenum

Question 7

Where do the nerves that supply the peritoneum come from?

Answer 7

the adjacent body wall; supply pain and vasomotor fibers

Question 8

THE mesentery attaches what?

Answer 8

the “free” small intestine to the posterior body wall, jejunum, and ileum

Question 9

The transverse mesocolon fuses with what?

Answer 9

the posterior layer of the greater omentum

Question 10

Which mesenteries are lost during development?

Answer 10

duodenum, ascending colon, descending colon and cecum

Question 11

True or False?

Peritoneal ligaments usually transmit nerves and vessels

Answer 11

true

Question 12

What is the greater omentum?

Answer 12

broad, 2-4-layered sheet of peritoneum that attaches the stomach to other viscera

Question 13

The lesser omentum is subdivided into what two ligaments?

Answer 13

hepatogastric ligament

hepatoduodenal ligament

Question 14

Coronary ligaments, right and left triangular ligaments, falciform ligament, ligamentum treres hepatic are all peritoneal ligaments associated with what?

Answer 14

the liver

Question 15

What is a fold?

Answer 15

a ridge or elevation in the peritoneum produced by underlying vessels

Question 16

What are fossae or recesses?

Answer 16

depressions between folds

Question 17

Structures coursing through the extra peritoneal tissue form elevations on the interior abdominal wall called what?

Answer 17

peritoneal (umbilical) folds

Question 18

How many medial and lateral umbilical folds are there in the abdominal wall?

Answer 18

medial: 2
lateral: 2

Question 19

Median umbilical fold is formed by what?

Answer 19

urachus

Question 20

The medial umbilical folds are formed by what?

Answer 20

medial umbilical ligaments

Question 21

The lateral umbilical folds are formed by what?

Answer 21

inferior epigastric vessels

Question 22

The falciform ligament is a remnant of what?

Answer 22

obliterated umbilical vein

Question 23

What is the site for supravesical hernias?

Answer 23

supravesical fossa

Question 24

What is the site for direct inguinal hernias?

Answer 24

medial inguinal fossa

Question 25

What is the site for indirect inguinal hernias?

Answer 25

lateral inguinal fossa

Question 26

What is the greater sac of the peritoneal cavity?

Answer 26

most of the "potential" space within the abdomen

Question 27

Recesses and fossae of the peritoneal cavity are clinically important because...?

Answer 27

abscesses may develop and excess fluid will pool there

Question 28

The upper and lower parts of the inframesocolic region of the greater sac are divided by what?

Answer 28

THE mesentary

Question 29

Which ligament limitsj the spread of fluid superiorly in the inframesocolic region of the greater sac?

Answer 29

phrenicocolic

Question 30

Where is the lesser sac located?

Answer 30

posterior and inferior to the stomach

Question 31

How do the greater and lesser sac communicate?

Answer 31

through the epiploic foramen (of Winslow)

Question 32

Where is the superior recess located?

Answer 32

posterior to the liver

Question 33

Where is the inferior recess located?

Answer 33

potential space between the 2 layers of the gastrocolic ligament

Question 34

Where is the splenic recess found?

Answer 34

posterior to and left of the stomach