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Anatomy II > Gut Circulation > Flashcards

Gut Circulation Flashcards

1
Q

The abdominal aorta begins at what vertebra?

A

T12

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2
Q

What does the abdominal aorta enter through?

A

aortic hiatus

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3
Q

Is the abdominal aorta intraperitoneal or retroperitoneal?

A

retroperitoneal

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4
Q

What vertebrae does the abdominal aorta relate to?

A

L1-L4; terminates at L4

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5
Q

What does the abdominal aorta divide into?

A

left and right common iliac arteries

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6
Q

Where is the IVC in relation to the abdominal aorta?

A

to the right

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7
Q

The left renal vein crosses ___ to the abdominal aorta

A

anterior

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8
Q

The left and right crus of the diaphragm form what?

A

aortic hiatus

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9
Q

The anterior longitudinal ligament & vertebral bodies are ___ to the aorta?

A

posterior

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10
Q

The anterior longitudinal ligament and vertebral bodes are ___ to the aorta

A

posterior

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11
Q

Sympathetic trunks are ___ in relation to the abdominal aorta

A

lateral

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12
Q

The thoracic duct with the cistern chyli is usually to the ___ of the abdominal aorta

A

right

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13
Q

The pancreas, duodenum, and root of THE mesentery are ___ to the abdominal aorta

A

anterior

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14
Q

What are the paired branches of the abdominal aorta?

A

inferior phrenic aa., subcostal and lumbar aa., suprarenal aa., renal aa., gonadal aa, common illiac aa.

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15
Q

What are the un-paired branches of the abdominal aorta?

A

celiac trunk, superior mesenteric a., inferior mesenteric a. , median sacral a.

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16
Q

The celiac trunk branches from aorta immediately below what?

A

aortic hiatus

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17
Q

What are the 3 major branches of the celiac trunk?

A

left gastric artery, common hepatic artery, and splenic artery

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18
Q

What does the left gastric artery branch to?

A

lesser curvature

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19
Q

What two arteries does the common hepatic artery branch into?

A

proper hepatic artery; gastroduodenal artery

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20
Q

This artery that is a branch from the celiac trunk, runs posterior to the stomach/superior to the pancreas, is very tortuous, and its branches do not anatomose

A

splenic artery

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21
Q

Where do the short gastric aa. and left gastro-omental artery (branches of splenic artery) go?

A

greater curvature of the stomach

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22
Q

In regards to the portal triad, what is the orientation of the three components?

A

hepatic artery (proper): left
portal vein: posterior
bile duct: right

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23
Q

In regards to blod supply to the liver, the portal vein does what?

A

brings deoxygenated, nutrient-rich blood from GI tract to the liver

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24
Q

In regards to blod supply to the liver, the hepatic artery (proper) does what?

A

supplies oxygenated blood

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25
Q

In regards to blod supply to the liver, the venous drainage is done by what?

A

right and left hepatic veins which drain into the right and left sides of the IVC.

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26
Q

Do hepatic veins follow the branching patterns of portal veins, hepatic ducts and hepatic artery?

A

no

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27
Q

What does the superior mesenteric artery emerge from?

A

aorta posterior to the neck of the pancreas

28
Q

The pancreas receives branches from what?

A

both the celiac and superior mesenteric arteries

29
Q

The celiac mesenteric artery is a branch of what?

A

gastroduodenal

30
Q

This artery is usually the first branch of the superior mesenteric artery

A

inferior pancreaticoduodenal

31
Q

True or false?
The branches from the superior mesenteric artery meet the branches from the gastroduodenal, forming anatomizing arcades on the anterior and posterior surface of the head of the pancreas

A

True

32
Q

What organ does the superior mesenteric artery branch to?

A

small intestine

33
Q

Jejunal arteries have ___ vasa recta, ___ arcades

A

long; simple

34
Q

Ileal arteries have ___ vasa recta, and ___ arcades

A

short; complex

35
Q

This artery has a posterior cecal branch, anterior cecal branch, ileal branches, and appendicular branch

A

ileocolic artery

36
Q

Which gut (hindgut, midgut, foregut) does the inferior mesenteric artery supply?

A

hindgut

37
Q

What are the branches of the inferior mesenteric artery?

A

left colic a., sigmoid a’s., superior rectal a.

38
Q

Where do superior rectal veins drain to?

A

mesenteric vein

39
Q

Where do middle rectal veins drain to?

A

internal iliac veins

40
Q

Where do inferior rectal veins drain to?

A

external pudendal veins

41
Q

The hepatic portal system begins as capillaries in the digestive system and ends as capillaries in what?

A

the liver

42
Q

The hepatic portal system drains blood from what?

A

from the esophagus to the upper anal canal

43
Q

True or False?

The portal vein has valves

A

false; it is valveless

44
Q

What is the portal vein formed by?

A

the splenic vein, superior mesenteric vein, & inferior mesenteric vein

45
Q

The hepatic portal system forms ___ to the neck of the pancreas

A

posterior

46
Q

The hepatic portal system runs through the ___ ___ to enter the liver at the porta hepatis

A

hepatoduodenal ligament

47
Q

What are the direct tributaries of the portal v.?

A

paraumbilical vv., cystic v., left gastric v., right gastric v.

48
Q

What are the direct tributaries of the splenic v.?

A

splenic vv. (proper), short gastric vv., left gastro-omental v., pancreatic vv.

49
Q

What are the direct tributaries of the superior mesenteric v.?

A

right gastro-omental v., pancreaticoduodenal vv.

50
Q

True or False?

Blood can drain superiorly into the azygous system?

A

true

51
Q

Blood can drain ___ into the portal system

A

inferiorly

52
Q

At what vertebra do iliac veins join to form IVC at?

A

L5

53
Q

formation of the IVC is ___ and ___ to the aortic bifurcation

A

posterior; inferior

54
Q

True or False?

The IVC passes through the liver

A

true

55
Q

True or False?

The IVC drains the anterior body wall

A

false; posterior body wall

56
Q

The common iliacs, lumbar veins, renal veins, and hepatic veins are all major tributaries of what?

A

the IVC

57
Q

Veins from the gastrointestinal tract normally drain directly or indirectly into what vein?

A

portal vein

58
Q

Veins from the posterior structures, such as kidneys, normally drain into what?

A

the IVC

59
Q

How many main ways are there for blood to bypass the liver?

A

4

60
Q

In regards to blood bypassing the liver, the esophageal branches of left gastric v. connect with veins on what?

A

lower thoracic esophagus

61
Q

What are esophageal varicose?

A

lower esophagus, dilated veins, related to portal hypertension/cirrhosis of liver

62
Q

In regards to blood bypassing the liver, the paraumbilical veins in the falciform ligament with what?

A

subcutaneous veins around umbilicus in the anterior abdominal wall

63
Q

What is caput medusae?

A

distended paraumbilical veins that radiate across abdomen; usually from portal hypertension

64
Q

In regards to blood bypassing the liver, the colic veins to what?

A

retroperitoneal veins

65
Q

Where do the veins of retzius drain?

A

into the IVC

66
Q

In regards to blood bypassing the liver, between superior rectal veins and what?

A

middle and inferior rectal veins; related to rectal varicosities/hemorrhoids

67
Q

What vein do the left suprarenal and gonadal veins enter?

A

Left renal vein

Anatomy II (17 decks)

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