Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Neuroanatomy > Peripheral Nervous System > Flashcards

Peripheral Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

What are the sites of all neuronal cell bodies in the PNS?

A

Ganglia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What neurones have their cell bodies in the spinal cord and brain stem?

A

Motor and preganglionic autonomic neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What makes up a nerve?

A

Bundle of axons, associated glia, myelin sheath and supporting connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What makes up a nerve fibre?

A

One axon with its myelin sheath and neuroglial (schwann) cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What do the small axons function for?

A

Pain, olfaction and visceral innervation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Where are sensory ganglia present?

A

Dorsal roots of spinal nerve and on some cranial nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is special about sensory ganglia?

A

Contain unipolar neurons with axons that bifurcate, with one branch entering the CNS and the other into the PNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does skin have sensory nerve endings for?

A

Touch, temperature, pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What endings does muscles, tendons and joints contain?

A

Proprioceptive endings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Where does the motor end plate end?

A

Striated skeletal muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the synaptic transmitter that makes the muscle fibres contract?

A

Acetylcholine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Smooth muscle and glands are innervated by what neurones?

A

Autonomic ganglia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What do the dorsal root fibres divide into?

A

Ascending and Descending branches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the third class of sensory endings called?

A

Interoceptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Where are interoceptors located?

A

Viscera

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the two categories of sensory endings?

A

Somatic afferent and Visceral afferent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are somatic afferents for?

A

Skin, bones, muscles and connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are visceral afferents for?

A

Internal organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the two categories of efferent neurones?

A

Somatic efferent and Visceral efferent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is another word for somatic efferent neurones?

A

Motor neurones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Where are somatic efferent neurones located?

A

In the ventral grey horns of the spinal cord and motor nuclei of cranial nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Where do the axons of ventral horn cells terminate?

A

In motor end plates on skeletal muscle fibres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the special feature of visceral efferent neurones?

A

They have at least two neurones participate in transmission from CNS to smooth muscle, cardiac muscle or secretory cells.

24
Q

What are the sensory endings supplied by?

A

Axons that differ in size

25
Q

Where do cutaneous branches of the spinal and cranial nerves pass through?

A

Subcutaneous connective tissue into the dermis

26
Q

What are the three plexuses formed from the spreading of axons in the dermis?

A

Subcutaneous plexus, dermal plexus and papillary plexus

27
Q

Where is the subcutaneous plexus?

A

Loose connective tissue

28
Q

Where is the dermal plexus?

A

Within the densely collagenous reticular layer of the dermis

29
Q

Where is the papillary plexus?

A

Papillary layer of the dermis beneath the epidermis

30
Q

Where do free nerve endings occur?

A

In the subcutaneous tissue and dermis

31
Q

What are free nerve endings?

A

They are the terminal branches of group C fibres and the unmyelinated terminal branches of group A fibres.

32
Q

What are free nerve endings associated with?

A

Schwann cells

33
Q

Where are merkel endings found?

A

Germinal layer of epidermis

34
Q

How does a merkel cell differ from epidermal cells?

A

Indented nucleus and electron-dense cytoplasmic granules

35
Q

Where are merkel cells found?

A

In glabrous skin and in the outer root sheaths of hairs

36
Q

What is the Ruffini ending?

A

An array of terminal branches of a myelinated axon surrounded by capsular cells

37
Q

What is the Pacinian corpuscle?

A

Consists of a single axons that loses its myelin sheath and is encapsulated by several layers of flattened cells.

38
Q

Where do the Meissners tactile corpuscles occur?

A

Dermal papillary ridges of the finger tips

39
Q

The types of sensation consciously perceived from the skin are called?

A

Modalities

40
Q

What innervates muscles spindles?

A

Sensory and motor neurones

41
Q

How many sensory axons supplies the muscle spindle?

A

Two

42
Q

What does a motor unit consist of?

A

One motor neurone and the muscle fibres that innervate it

43
Q

What do the axonal endings within the end plates contain?

A

Mitochondria and synaptic vesicles

44
Q

What are spinal ganglia?

A

Swellings on the dorsal roots of spinal nerves

45
Q

Where are spinal ganglia located?

A

In the intervertebral foramina

46
Q

What does the spinal ganglia contain?

A

The cell bodies of primary sensory neurones

47
Q

Each cell body within the spinal ganglia is invested by a layer of what type of cell?

A

Satellite cells

48
Q

What is the entire nerve surrounded by?

A

Epineurium

49
Q

What surrounds the bundle fibres of a nerve?

A

Perineurium

50
Q

What surrounds an individual fibre?

A

Endoneurium

51
Q

What cells do the Epineurium, Perineurium and Endoneurium derive from?

A

Mesodermal cells

52
Q

Within the endometrium, the axons are intimately ensheathed by what type of cell?

A

Schwann cells

53
Q

What are Schwann cells derived from?

A

Neural crest

54
Q

What are the components of Schwann cells?

A

Neurolemma and myelin sheath

55
Q

What interrupts the myelin sheath at intervals?

A

Nodes of Ranvier

56
Q

Some axons in nerves do not contain?

A

Myelin sheaths

57
Q

The thinnest unmyleinated axons are those of?

A

Olfactory nerves

Neuroanatomy (29 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions