Development Flashcards
What is the function of neutrons?
To transfer information rapidly from one part of the body to another
What does the CNS consist of?
The brain and spinal cord
What is the CNS protected by?
Cranium and vertebral column
What are the bundles of axons called that connect the CNS with all parts of the body?
Nerves
Where are the cell bodies of neurones in the CNS?
Grey matter
What is a compact aggregation of grey matter called?
Nucleus
What is the region of CNS tissue that contain axons but not neuronal cell bodies?
White matter
What do neurones develop from?
The dorsal ectoderm
What layer becomes the epidermis?
Ectoderm
The cells lining the neural tube constitute?
The neuroepithelium
What are the first populations of cells produced in the neural tube?
Neurones
What cells comprise the other cells of the nervous system that are not neurones?
Glia cells
What is the first type of glia cell?
Radial Glia
What are the three divisions of the brain at the end of the 4th week of development?
Prosencephalon, Mesencephalon and Rhombencephalon
What part of the brain is prosencephalon?
Forebrain
What part of the brain is mesencephalon?
Midbrian
What part of the brain is rhombencephalon?
Hindbrain
What are the five divisions of the brain at the end of the 5th week of development?
Telencephalon, Diencephalon, Mesencephalon, Metencephalon and Myelencephalon
What does the myelencephalon become?
Medulla oblongata
What does the metencephalon become?
Pons and cerebellum
Is the thalamus grey matter or white matter?
Grey
What part of the brain does the thalamus develop?
Diencephalon
What are the left and right halves of the telencephalon known as?
Cerebral hemispheres
The lumen of the neural tube becomes?
The ventricular system
Where does the lateral ventricle develop?
In each cerebral hemisphere
Where is the third ventricle?
Diencephalon
What is the fourth ventricle bounded by?
The medulla, pons and cerebellum
What are the third and fourth ventricle connected by?
Cerebral aqueduct
Where does the first cervical flexure occur?
Junction of the rhombencephalon
Where does the mesencephalic flexure occur?
At the level of the midbrain
Where is the pontine flexure?
In the metencephalon
What is the function of the flexures?
Ensure that the optical axes of the eyes are at right angles to the axis of the vertebral column
What are the three meninges called?
Pia mater, arachnoid mater and dura mater
What meninges is closer to the nervous tissue?
Pia mater
What meninges lines the cranial cavity and spinal cord?
Dura mater
What is the space called between the inner two meningeal layers?
Subarachnoid space
What fluid is contained within the subarachnoid space?
Cerebrospinal fluid
What shape is the grey matter in, in the spinal cord?
H shape
Where are neuronal cell bodies located?
Grey matter
Where are myelinated axons located?
White matter
What cells in the hypothalamus synthesise hormones that enter the blood stream?
Neurosecretory cells
What are gyri?
Ridges
What are sulci?
Grooves
