Lecture 2 Flashcards
What does the CNS consist of?
Spinal cord and Brain
What does the PNS consist of?
12 cranial nerves and 31 spinal nerves
What does the somatic nervous system respond to?
External environment
What does the somatic nervous system supply?
Everything other than the organs
Where are sensory nerves from?
Skin, bones and joint
Where are motor nerves from?
Skeletal muscle
What does the autonomic nervous system respond to?
Internal environment
What are the three initial swellings of the brain?
Prosencephalon, mesencephalon and rhombencephalon
What are the five swelling later on in development of the brain?
Telencephalon, Diencephalon, mesencephalon, metencephalon and mylencephalon
What swellings are associated with the procencephalon?
Telencephalon and Diencephalon
What swellings are associated with the Rhombencephalon?
Metencephalon and Mylencephalon
What are the derivatives of the Telencephalon?
Cerebral hemispheres
What are the derivatives of the Diencephalon?
Thalamus and hypothalamus
What are the derivatives of the Mesencephalon?
Midbrain
What are the derivatives of the Metencephalon?
Pons and cerebellum
What are the derivatives of the Myelencephalon?
Medulla Oblongata
What cavities are associated with Telencephalon?
Lateral ventricles
What cavities are associated with Diencephalon?
Third ventricle
What cavities are associated with Mesencephalon?
Cerebral aqueduct
What cavities are associated with Metencephalon?
Fourth ventricle
What cavities are associated with Myelencphalon?
Fourth ventricle
What makes up the brainstem?
Midbrain, pons and medulla oblongata
What are the three grey matter structures located in the deep cerebral hemispheres?
Caduate nucleus, thalamus and putamen
What is the white matter tract between the spinal cord and cerebral hemispheres?
Internal capsule
What are the lobes of the brain?
Frontal, parietal, occipital and temporal
What is the lobe sitting under the temporal lobe?
Insula lobe
What separates the frontal lobe and parietal lobe?
Central sulcus
What separates the two hemispheres?
Longitudinal cerebral fissure
What separates the parietal lobe and temporal lobe?
Lateral sulcus
What makes up the lentiform nucleus?
Putamen and globus pallidus
Internal capsule separates?
Lentiform nucleus and thalamus
What are numerous short bundles of fibres that connect adjacent gyri?
Arcuate fibres
What fibres connect the frontal lobe with parts of the parietal, temporal and occipital lobes?
Superior longitudinal fasciculus
What connects the temporal lobe, cingulate gyrus and septal area?
Cingulum fibres
What is the largest white matter structure in the brain?
Corpus callosum
What is the main connection between the hemispheres?
Corpus callosum
What are the bundle of axons found posterior to the rostrum of the corpus callosum?
Anterior commissure fibres
What provides additional communication between the left and right temporal lobes?
Anterior commissure fibres
What are the different parts of the internal capsule?
Anterior limb, genu, posterior limb and retrolentiform part
What is the corona radiata?
The internal capsule fibres fan out to all parts of the cortex
Where does a somatic sensory neuron live?
Dorsal root ganglion
Where does a somatic motor neurone live?
Dorsal horn of the spinal cord
Function of the cerebellum?
Coordinate movement
Function of the thalamus?
Acts as a relay station for sensory information coming from periphery and going to cortex
Function of the brainstem?
Houses most of the cells associated with the cranial nerves
