Lecture 16 Flashcards
What is the limbic system linked to?
ANS
Where is the limbic system?
On the medial rim of the inferior cerebral hemispheres
What are the structures associated with the limbic system?
Cingulate gyrus Parahippocampal gyrus Septal area Hippocampus and dentate gyrus Amygdala Anterior thalamic nuclei Hypothalmus
What is involved in the hippocampal formation?
Hippocampus, Dentate gyrus, Parts of parahippocampal gyrus and subiculum
How is the hippocampus formed?
Infolding of the inferomedial part of the temporal lobe into the inferior horn of the lateral ventricle
What cell layer is in the hippocampus?
Pyramidal cell layer
What does the hippocampus receive input from?
Adjacent inferior temporal cortex
contralateral hippocampus Fibres arising in the cingulate gyrus
Where does the hippocampus send fibres to?
Mammillary body via fornix
What does the maxillary body project to?
Anterior thalamus
What does the circuit of papez include?
Hippocampus, fornix, mammillary body, anterior thalamic nuclei, cingulate gyrus and parahippocampal gyri
What is the circuit of papez?
A closed circuit linking the hippocampus with the cingulate cortex via mammillary bodies
What is the fornix?
White matter structure connecting the hippocampus to the maxillary bodies
What does the fornix consist of?
Crura and body
What joins the body of the fornix?
Crura
What is the cingulum?
A white matter tract that forms part of the circuit of papez
What controls memory?
Hippocampus
What serves as the main integrator of the autonomic and endocrine systems?
Hypothalamus
What does the hypothalamus receive input from?
Hippocampus,
Visceral afferents,
Somatosensory afferents,
Olfactory system
Efferents of the hypothalamus reach?
Largest efferent bundle goes to anterior thalamus
Vagal nuclei
What is the main brain centre for regulation of the ANS?
Hypothalamus
Posterior hypothalamus is associated with?
Sympathetic activation
Anterior hypothalamus is associated with?
Parasympathetic activation
Where is the amygdala found?
Near the temporal pole
What does the amygdala receive inputs from?
Olfactory bulb, temporal cortex, septum, thalamus and brain stem
Where does the amygdala send outputs?
Hypothalamus and septum via stria terminalis
What are the two divisions of the amygdala?
Ventrolateral and dorsomedial
What does the olfactory system consist of?
Olfactory epithelium, olfactory nerves, olfactory bulbs, olfactory tracts, associated cerebral cortex
What are the three cell types of the olfactory epithelium?
Olfactory receptor cells
Support cells
Basal cells
What are the basal cells?
stem cells
