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Medsurg > Peripheral Artery Disease > Flashcards

Peripheral Artery Disease Flashcards

Exam 2

1
Q

Peripheral Arterial Disease: Epidemiology

A

8.5 million people in the U S

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2
Q

Peripheral Arterial Disease : Risk Factors

A

Atherosclerosis
Smoking
Hypertension
Diabetes
Dyslipidemia
Sedentary lifestyle
Ineffective stress management

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3
Q

Peripheral Arterial Disease: Pathophysiology

A

Obstruction of blood flow through large peripheral arteries cause partial or total occlusion

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4
Q

Peripheral Arterial Disease: Clinical Manifestations

A

Intermittent claudication

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5
Q

Peripheral Arterial Disease: Medical Management- Diagnosis

A

Ankle-brachial index

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6
Q

Peripheral Arterial Disease: Treatment

A

Prevent progression of disease
Manage symptoms

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7
Q

Peripheral Arterial Disease:
Medical Management- Medications

A

Antihypertensives
Antiplatelets
Statins

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8
Q

Peripheral Arterial Disease: Surgical Management

A

Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty

Laser-assisted angioplasty

Rotational artherectomy

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9
Q

Peripheral Arterial Disease: Complications

A

Acute limb ischemia

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10
Q

What are statins used for?

A

Buildup of plaque

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11
Q

What are antiplatelet medications for?

A

To prevent people from getting clots

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12
Q

Peripheral Arterial Disease:

Nursing Management- Assessment and Analysis

A

Manifestations depend on tissues involved and severity of altered blood flow

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13
Q

Peripheral Arterial Disease: Nursing diagnoses

A

Ineffective peripheral tissue perfusion
Risk for impaired skin integrity
Chronic pain

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14
Q

Peripheral Arterial Disease: Nursing Interventions – Assessments

A

Bilateral blood pressures
Palpate all pulses in both legs
Visual assessment of feet and limbs
Temperature of extremities
Assess bilateral muscle tone
Pain

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15
Q

Peripheral Arterial Disease: Nursing Interventions – Actions

A

Administer medications as ordered
Proper positioning

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16
Q

Peripheral Arterial Disease: Teaching

A

Positioning
Inspect feet daily
Report chest discomfort
Lifestyle changes

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17
Q

Peripheral Arterial Disease: Evaluating care outcomes

A

Pain free
Able to participate in normal activities

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18
Q

Carotid Artery Disease: Risk Factors

A

Smoking
Hypertension
Diabetes
Dyslipidemia
Sedentary lifestyle
Obesity
Ineffective stress management

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19
Q

Carotid Artery Disease: Clinical Manifestations

A

Asymptomatic until cerebral perfusion is impaired
Stroke or T I A

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20
Q

Carotid Artery Disease: Medical Management- Diagnosis

A

Carotid bruit
Carotid duplex scan
Computed tomography angiography
Magnetic resonance imaging

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21
Q

What is the most common test used to look at the plaque and stenosis?

A

Duplex ultrasound

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22
Q

What is coronary artery disease characterized by?

A

Coronary artery disease is characterized by vessel wall thickening due to plaque formation, and progressive narrowing due to that plaque

23
Q

Carotid Artery Disease: Medical Management- Medications (What are they used for)

A

Optimal medical therapy
Healthy lifestyle changes
Management of comorbidities

24
Q

Carotid Artery Disease: Surgical Management

A

Carotid endardectomy
Carotid artery stenting

25
Q

Carotid Artery Disease: Nursing Management – Assessment and analysis

A

Symptoms of stroke:

Slurred words
Weakness
Severe headache
Sudden vision loss
Facial droop
Dizziness

26
Q

Carotid Artery Disease:

Nursing Management – Nursing diagnoses

A

Risk for ineffective tissue perfusion
Anxiety

27
Q

Carotid Artery Disease:

Nursing Interventions – Assessments

A

Vital signs
Neurological assessment
Auscultation of carotid arteries
Stroke history
Signs of stroke

28
Q

Carotid Artery Disease: Nursing Interventions – Assessments Postprocedure CEA

A

Respiratory rate, SpO2, stridor, tracheal deviation

Vital signs, HR, BP

29
Q

Carotid Artery Disease: Nursing Interventions – Assessments

Postprocedure CEA- Cranial nerves to check?

A

Post-CEA—Cranial nerves, specifically VII, X, XI, and XII

30
Q

Carotid Artery Disease: Nursing Interventions – Assessments

Postprocedure CAS- What to check specifically?

A

Post-CAS—Renal function

31
Q

Carotid Artery Disease: Nursing Interventions

A

Administer medications as ordered

Manage diabetes

32
Q

Carotid Artery Disease:

Actions Postprocedure CEA/CAS: How should bp be?

A

Keep systolic blood pressure strictly within ordered parameters

33
Q

Carotid Artery Disease:

Actions Postprocedure CEA/CAS
What to do if patient is hypotensive?

A

If patient is hypotensive:
Reposition patient flat

Anticipate orders for vasoactive drips or intravenous fluid bolus

34
Q

Carotid Artery Disease: Postprocedure CEA/CAS (continued)

If patient is hypertensive: How should bed be?

A

Maintain head of the bed at 30 degrees

35
Q

Carotid Artery Disease: Postprocedure CEA/CAS (continued):

Post-CEA- how should head of bed be?

A

Keep head in neutral position

36
Q

Carotid Artery Disease: Postprocedure CEA/CAS (continued):

Post-CAS- What should you encourage?

A

Post-CAS - Encourage fluid intake/Maintain IV fluids

37
Q

Carotid Artery Disease: Teaching

A

Clinical manifestations of stroke

Lifestyle changes

38
Q

Aortic Artery Disease (Aneurysm): What is it?

A

Permanent location or outpouching that happens within the layer of the artery.

39
Q

Aortic Artery Disease (Aneurysm): Risk Factors

A

Family history
Advanced age
Male gender
Smoking
Atherosclerosis
Hypertension

40
Q

Aortic Artery Disease (Aneurysm): What is it known as? What is it?

A

High cholesterol
Known C A D
Genetic/metabolic abnormalities

41
Q

Types of Aneurysms

A

Fusiform

Saccular

Pseudoaneurysm

42
Q

Types of Aneurysms: What is a pseudoaneurysm

A

A false aneurysm only because it is not a real aneurysm.

It is a distortion of part of the vessel.

43
Q

Types of Aneurysms: What is a fusiform?

A

Type of outpouching that occurs on both sides of the vessel

44
Q

Aortic Artery Disease (Aneurysm):

Medical Management- Diagnosis

A

Computed tomography
Transthoracic echocardiogram
Cardiac M R I
E C G

45
Q

Aortic Artery Disease (Aneurysm):

Medications

A

Control hypertension
Statins

Aneyrysm that rupture is a med. emergency

46
Q

Aortic Artery Disease (Aneurysm):

Surgical Management

A

Surgical repair and grafting

47
Q

Ruptured Aneurysm- What does it cause?

A

Rupture causes sudden and extreme loss of blood

48
Q

Aortic Artery Disease (Aneurysm):

Nursing Management- Assessment and Analysis

A

Usually symptomatic until rupture or dissection

49
Q

Aortic Artery Disease (Aneurysm):

Nursing Diagnoses

A

Risk for ineffective tissue perfusion
Acute pain
Fear

50
Q

Aortic Artery Disease (Aneurysm):

Nursing Intervention- Assessments

A

Vital signs
Neurological assessment
Pain
Peripheral pulses
Peripheral sensation and motor response
Gentle abdominal auscultation and palpation

Signs and symptoms of ruptures

51
Q

Aortic Artery Disease (Aneurysm)

Nursing Interventions- Actions

A

Administer medications as ordered

Create calm environment

52
Q

Aortic Artery Disease (Aneurysm):

Teaching

A

Signs and symptoms of aortic aneurysm and dissection

Follow strict treatment regimen

53
Q

Aortic Artery Disease (Aneurysm):

Nursing Management- Evaluating care outcomes

A

No abdominal, back, or chest pain

No wheezing or shortness of breath

No dysphagia or hoarseness

Normal neurological assessment

Medsurg (21 decks)

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