Peripheral Artery Disease

Question 1

Peripheral Arterial Disease: Epidemiology

Answer 1

8.5 million people in the U S

Question 2

Peripheral Arterial Disease : Risk Factors

Answer 2

Atherosclerosis
Smoking
Hypertension
Diabetes
Dyslipidemia
Sedentary lifestyle
Ineffective stress management

Question 3

Peripheral Arterial Disease: Pathophysiology

Answer 3

Obstruction of blood flow through large peripheral arteries cause partial or total occlusion

Question 4

Peripheral Arterial Disease: Clinical Manifestations

Answer 4

Intermittent claudication

Question 5

Peripheral Arterial Disease: Medical Management- Diagnosis

Answer 5

Ankle-brachial index

Question 6

Peripheral Arterial Disease: Treatment

Answer 6

Prevent progression of disease
Manage symptoms

Question 7

Peripheral Arterial Disease:
Medical Management- Medications

Answer 7

Antihypertensives
Antiplatelets
Statins

Question 8

Peripheral Arterial Disease: Surgical Management

Answer 8

Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty

Laser-assisted angioplasty

Rotational artherectomy

Question 9

Peripheral Arterial Disease: Complications

Answer 9

Acute limb ischemia

Question 10

What are statins used for?

Answer 10

Buildup of plaque

Question 11

What are antiplatelet medications for?

Answer 11

To prevent people from getting clots

Question 12

Peripheral Arterial Disease:

Nursing Management- Assessment and Analysis

Answer 12

Manifestations depend on tissues involved and severity of altered blood flow

Question 13

Peripheral Arterial Disease: Nursing diagnoses

Answer 13

Ineffective peripheral tissue perfusion
Risk for impaired skin integrity
Chronic pain

Question 14

Peripheral Arterial Disease: Nursing Interventions – Assessments

Answer 14

Bilateral blood pressures
Palpate all pulses in both legs
Visual assessment of feet and limbs
Temperature of extremities
Assess bilateral muscle tone
Pain

Question 15

Peripheral Arterial Disease: Nursing Interventions – Actions

Answer 15

Administer medications as ordered
Proper positioning

Question 16

Peripheral Arterial Disease: Teaching

Answer 16

Positioning
Inspect feet daily
Report chest discomfort
Lifestyle changes

Question 17

Peripheral Arterial Disease: Evaluating care outcomes

Answer 17

Pain free
Able to participate in normal activities

Question 18

Carotid Artery Disease: Risk Factors

Answer 18

Smoking
Hypertension
Diabetes
Dyslipidemia
Sedentary lifestyle
Obesity
Ineffective stress management

Question 19

Carotid Artery Disease: Clinical Manifestations

Answer 19

Asymptomatic until cerebral perfusion is impaired
Stroke or T I A

Question 20

Carotid Artery Disease: Medical Management- Diagnosis

Answer 20

Carotid bruit
Carotid duplex scan
Computed tomography angiography
Magnetic resonance imaging

Question 21

What is the most common test used to look at the plaque and stenosis?

Answer 21

Duplex ultrasound

Question 22

What is coronary artery disease characterized by?

Answer 22

Coronary artery disease is characterized by vessel wall thickening due to plaque formation, and progressive narrowing due to that plaque

Question 23

Carotid Artery Disease: Medical Management- Medications (What are they used for)

Answer 23

Optimal medical therapy
Healthy lifestyle changes
Management of comorbidities

Question 24

Carotid Artery Disease: Surgical Management

Answer 24

Carotid endardectomy
Carotid artery stenting

Question 25

Carotid Artery Disease: Nursing Management – Assessment and analysis

Answer 25

Symptoms of stroke: Slurred words Weakness Severe headache Sudden vision loss Facial droop Dizziness

Question 26

Carotid Artery Disease: Nursing Management – Nursing diagnoses

Answer 26

Risk for ineffective tissue perfusion Anxiety

Question 27

Carotid Artery Disease: Nursing Interventions – Assessments

Answer 27

Vital signs Neurological assessment Auscultation of carotid arteries Stroke history Signs of stroke

Question 28

Carotid Artery Disease: Nursing Interventions – Assessments Postprocedure CEA

Answer 28

Respiratory rate, SpO2, stridor, tracheal deviation Vital signs, HR, BP

Question 29

Carotid Artery Disease: Nursing Interventions – Assessments Postprocedure CEA- Cranial nerves to check?

Answer 29

Post-CEA—Cranial nerves, specifically VII, X, XI, and XII

Question 30

Carotid Artery Disease: Nursing Interventions – Assessments Postprocedure CAS- What to check specifically?

Answer 30

Post-CAS—Renal function

Question 31

Carotid Artery Disease: Nursing Interventions

Answer 31

Administer medications as ordered Manage diabetes

Question 32

Carotid Artery Disease: Actions Postprocedure CEA/CAS: How should bp be?

Answer 32

Keep systolic blood pressure strictly within ordered parameters

Question 33

Carotid Artery Disease: Actions Postprocedure CEA/CAS What to do if patient is hypotensive?

Answer 33

If patient is hypotensive: Reposition patient flat Anticipate orders for vasoactive drips or intravenous fluid bolus

Question 34

Carotid Artery Disease: Postprocedure CEA/CAS (continued) If patient is hypertensive: How should bed be?

Answer 34

Maintain head of the bed at 30 degrees

Question 35

Carotid Artery Disease: Postprocedure CEA/CAS (continued): Post-CEA- how should head of bed be?

Answer 35

Keep head in neutral position

Question 36

Carotid Artery Disease: Postprocedure CEA/CAS (continued): Post-CAS- What should you encourage?

Answer 36

Post-CAS - Encourage fluid intake/Maintain IV fluids

Question 37

Carotid Artery Disease: Teaching

Answer 37

Clinical manifestations of stroke Lifestyle changes

Question 38

Aortic Artery Disease (Aneurysm): What is it?

Answer 38

Permanent location or outpouching that happens within the layer of the artery.

Question 39

Aortic Artery Disease (Aneurysm): Risk Factors

Answer 39

Family history Advanced age Male gender Smoking Atherosclerosis Hypertension

Question 40

Aortic Artery Disease (Aneurysm): What is it known as? What is it?

Answer 40

High cholesterol Known C A D Genetic/metabolic abnormalities

Question 41

Types of Aneurysms

Answer 41

Fusiform Saccular Pseudoaneurysm

Question 42

Types of Aneurysms: What is a pseudoaneurysm

Answer 42

A false aneurysm only because it is not a real aneurysm. It is a distortion of part of the vessel.

Question 43

Types of Aneurysms: What is a fusiform?

Answer 43

Type of outpouching that occurs on both sides of the vessel

Question 44

Aortic Artery Disease (Aneurysm): Medical Management- Diagnosis

Answer 44

Computed tomography Transthoracic echocardiogram Cardiac M R I E C G

Question 45

Aortic Artery Disease (Aneurysm): Medications

Answer 45

Control hypertension Statins Aneyrysm that rupture is a med. emergency

Question 46

Aortic Artery Disease (Aneurysm): Surgical Management

Answer 46

Surgical repair and grafting

Question 47

Ruptured Aneurysm- What does it cause?

Answer 47

Rupture causes sudden and extreme loss of blood

Question 48

Aortic Artery Disease (Aneurysm): Nursing Management- Assessment and Analysis

Answer 48

Usually symptomatic until rupture or dissection

Question 49

Aortic Artery Disease (Aneurysm): Nursing Diagnoses

Answer 49

Risk for ineffective tissue perfusion Acute pain Fear

Question 50

Aortic Artery Disease (Aneurysm): Nursing Intervention- Assessments

Answer 50

Vital signs Neurological assessment Pain Peripheral pulses Peripheral sensation and motor response Gentle abdominal auscultation and palpation Signs and symptoms of ruptures

Question 51

Aortic Artery Disease (Aneurysm) Nursing Interventions- Actions

Answer 51

Administer medications as ordered Create calm environment

Question 52

Aortic Artery Disease (Aneurysm): Teaching

Answer 52

Signs and symptoms of aortic aneurysm and dissection Follow strict treatment regimen

Question 53

Aortic Artery Disease (Aneurysm): Nursing Management- Evaluating care outcomes

Answer 53

No abdominal, back, or chest pain No wheezing or shortness of breath No dysphagia or hoarseness Normal neurological assessment