Periparturient Conditions Flashcards
How might we know if placenta’s have been retained?
Persistent green vulval discharge in dogs
Brown in cats
What drug could be given to ‘empty’ uterus?
oxytocin - causes myometrial contractions
If placental retention is not treated, what could this lead to?
Pyometra - infection in the uterus
What is postpartum metritis?
Infection and inflammation of the uterus
What are the clinical signs of postpartum metritis?
Persistant purulent vulval discharge
Lethargy
Pyrexia
What is Mastitis?
Inflammation of the mammary gland
Clinical signs of mastitis
Localised pain
erythemic & firm mammary glands
purulent exudate
lethargy
anorexia
agalactia
absence of milk production
In which stage of the breeding cycle does would mastitis occur?
Met-oestrus:
Prolactin- milk production
Progesterone - mammary gland enlargement
Anoestrus:
Mastitis only happen if pregnant at this stage
Mastitis treatment
Antibiotics
Manual expression
Anti-inflammatory
opioids
hot & cold compresses
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus - Aetiology
Progesterone is a insulin antagonist
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus - pathophysiology
Insulin opens cell pathways so that electrolytes and glucose can enter
Elevated blood glucose levels
Clinical signs of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
-Polyuria
-Polydipsia
-Polyphagia
Treatment of gestational diabetes
Insulin injections and close observation of blood glucose levels
Why is a pregnant bitch be more susceptible to low blood calcium levels?
Milk production
Skeletal mineralisation
What is Eclampsia?
Low blood calcium levels
Eclampsia aetiology
- Dietary excess OR deficiency in calcium
- Common late gestation
Eclampsia clinical signs
Restlessness
panting
increased salivation
pryexia
Tachycardia
What is the calcium phosphorus ratio for cats and dogs?
1-1 / 1.5-1
Eclampsia treatment
Slow exogenous intraveous administration of calcium gluconate
Oral/ subutaneous calcium administration
The bitch/queen should be approx ….. above her pre-breeding body weight
5-10%
How will eclampsia effect homeostasis
The body have an increased need for calcium
What stage of oestrus cycle dos eclampsia occur?
Met-oestrus or lactation
First time breeder advice
Cost
Time investment
Moral considerations
Licensing
