Muscles Flashcards
Cardiac Muscle
- Doesnt fatigue
- Invoulntary
-Striated intercalated discs
Skeletal Muscle
- Striated
-Voluntary
Smooth muscle
- non - striated
- Involuntary
- Fibers not arrange in bands
Origin
Proximal attachment to skeleton
Insertion
Distal attachment to skeleton
Action
The function of the muscle e.g flex shoulder joint
Belly
main part of the muscle
Tendon
Band of strong fibrous tissue, connects muscle to a bone
Ligament
Band of fibrous tissue connecting bone to bone or cartilage
Aponeurosis
Sheet- like tendon, broad attachment e.g. attachment of abdominal muscles
Myofibrils
Muscle fibers within muscle cell
Sacroplasm
Muscle cell cytoplasm
Sarcolemma
Muscle cell wall
Myocyte
Muscle cell/fibre
Fascicle
A tubular bundle of muscle cells/ fibres
Endomysium
Connective tissue around myocytes
Perimysium
Connective tissue around fascicles
Epimysium
Connective tissue around whole muscle
Extensor
Increase angle between two bones
Flexor
Decreases angle between 2 bones
Rotation
Movement of a limb around the long axis
Protract
to move a body part/limb fowards
Retract
to retract a body part/ limb
Agonist
Movement of muscles that cause the prime movement
Antagonist
Muscles responsible for opposite action
Bursae
-A fluid filled sac located between a tendon/ligament/ muscle
-Redcues friction at the point of contact with bone
Facias
- Formed from connective tissue
-Surround or connect muscles and acts as a fat store
Epaxial Muscles
-Lie dorsal to transerve process
-Support the spine, extend the vertebral collumn and allow lateral flexion
Hypaxial Muscles
-Lie ventral to vertebral column and flex the neck and tail
-contributes to flexion on vertebral column
Pectorals
Run from ribs and sternum and instert into humerus
Latissimus Dorsi
-From thoracic spine and insterts into humerus
-Retracts the forelimb
Brachiocephalicus
Runs from base of skull and inserts into humerus
Biceps Brachii
-Orgiginates from scapula and inserts onto radius and ulna
-Flexes elbow joint
Triceps Brachii
-Seperate origins from proximal humerus and scapula
-Extends elbow joint
Carpal Extensors
Originate from humerus, insterst into carpal, runs infront of distal limb
Carpal Flexors
Run behind the carpus and foot
Digital Extensors
Originate from humerus and insert onto the third phalanx
Digital flexors
Superficial inserts onto second phalanx and deep inserts onto third phalanx
Quadriceps Femoris
-Runs down the cranial asepct of the thigh
-Extends the stifle
Intramuscular Injections
-Epaxials (most common_
-Quadriceps Femoris
-Gluteal