Performance, Autonomous Music And Meaning

Question 1

Autonomy

Answer 1

Independence/self-governing

Question 2

Autonomy of music

Answer 2

Self contained

Music is independent from the time/place written

Question 3

Autonomy and performance

Answer 3

Text, not a performing art
Executed, not interpreted
Detail in text shows desire to control performance
Score is music in its own right

Question 4

Which composers believed in execution

Answer 4

Schienberg and Stravinsky

Question 5

What goes against the indra of no expression

Answer 5

Each performance is different

Solution = score is music - autonomous object

Question 6

What disagrees with the idea of ‘text’

Answer 6

Baroque = performer desides tempo and dynamics
Classical = common principles
Priority only put unit text after notation became complex

Question 7

Romantic music critics

Answer 7

Performers brought emotion

Recording brought change

Question 8

How did recording bring about change

Answer 8

Amphasis on accuracy

Characterisation needed emphasis

Question 9

Musicology

Answer 9

Focus on score
Canon
Notation is the expression

Question 10

Musicology re-assessing the relationship between text and performers

Answer 10

Global access
Ethnomusicology
Diversification
Gender
Interdisciplinary

Question 11

Ethnomusicology

Answer 11

Awareness of limitations of views of Western art music
Social and cultural awareness
Fieldwork

Question 12

Lydia Goehr

Answer 12

Imaginary museum of musical works

Early composes didn’t see music as works but just writing for the occasion or bc told to

Question 13

Nicholas Cook

Answer 13

Distinctions between performers, study of performance and music as performance
Performance generates meaning
Music = script
Acts of making and receiving is more important than its existence

Question 14

Eduard Hanslick

Answer 14

Formalist view reflects Schoenberd and Stravinsky

Composition is the finished work of art, regardless of performance

Question 15

Aaron Ridley

Answer 15

Reacts against Hanslick

Significance seen in culture

Question 16

Fall of Berlin wall

Answer 16

Built August 1961 dismantled November 1989
Pink Floyd adapted 1979 album ‘the wall’ to centerpiece a performance in 1990 Berlin
Originally psychological but it resonated when wall fell
Bernstein performed Beethovens 9th but changed name to ‘Ode to Freedom’

Question 17

What do case studies about Berlin Wall show

Answer 17

Meaning changed but not the music

Question 18

Vivaldi four seasons

Answer 18

Trevor Pinnock improvised in original
2013 drew various improv traditions together
Max Richter recomposed to bring into 20th Century

Question 19

1990s

Answer 19

Critique of the idea of a work
Interaction shaped text
Music is a script
Ingrid Monson = formal features just one aspect

Question 20

‘script’ not text

Answer 20

Relationship between music and performance
Performance translated vision into sound
Significance due to expectation

Question 21

Is there an original?

Answer 21

Busoni = scores, performances and arrangements transcripts of original idea
Charles Bernstein = each performance original
Stan Godloritch = storytelling
Edits new originals

Question 22

Analytical studies

Answer 22

Jose Bowen used computers to make comparison to show stylistic measures
Joel Lester = page to stage

Question 23

Contempories

Answer 23

Understand the body like sound

Sound = meaning

Question 24

Postmodern

Answer 24

Questions the privelidged position of the performer
Kenk Karsyn = different languages brought together
Richard Middleton = creativity of performative difference

Question 25

Ethnomusicology

Answer 25

Emphasises the targeted culture
Fieldwork
Can combine l theories in an analysis between script and social interaction

Question 26

Performers

Answer 26

Interaction between performers - Antoine Brumel

Music = reflection and generator of social meaning