Avant-garde Flashcards
Is avant-garde a fixed thing?
No historically and culturally constructed
More about culture and attitude
Is modernism avant-garde?
No
Avant garde is pushing towards the future while modernism is 1917/1920-1960
Peter burger theory of avant garde
Attack on autonomy
Need to break the division between art and society
The claim avant garde is historical
1) depends on a historically specific relationship
2) says this relationship is inadequate (not properly associated with social needs)
3) explicitly concerned with temporality and the future
What was futurism
Transmusical
1910
Saw traditional music as Seperated from noise and noise as a way of brining it back
Example of a futurist
Luigi Russolo
Made Intonarumon to make noise
Rilsveglio di una cilta
Awakening of the city
Russolo
Rumbling and siren sounds
Why didn’t futurism last
All enlisted into ww1 and died
New concepts in the Weimae Republic
Zeifoper
Gebrauchsmusik
Lehrstuck
Zeifoper
Opera on trendy subjects incorporating pop and jazz
Not that radical
Gebrauchsmusik
Music for use
Specific applications or pedagogical purposes
Teaching or movies
Lehrstuck
Learning pieces by Brecht
Unemotional
Moritat von Mackie Messer
Mack the Knife
From Brwvhts three penny opera
Lyrics about increasingly gruesome murders in detail
Contrasts the lilting melody and major key
Nazi Germany
State disconnected art from life
Celebrating Hitler
Use of Gebrauchsmusik as it applied to Voinsgemeinschaft
Schulwerk
Carl Orff and Gunild Keetman Used in Hitler Youth Upbeat and positive Minimalist Community music making
Post ww2
Effort to de nazi Germany failed
Soviet Germany = still music with a idealised false version or reality in celebration of the leader
Ottmar Gerster
From Weimar Germany through to Soviet he wrote the same kind of easily accessible and singable songs praising the leaders
Mundane and false
Eisrnkombinat
Ottmar Gerster
Wrote to celebrate the opening of a new iron works factory in East Germany
Zhdanov Doctrine
Social realism
Everyone had to compose in this way
Mundane and hiding reality or shitty life
Theadore Adorno
Marxist philosopher
Saw socialist realism as falsely positive and didn’t capture modern lode
Theadore Adoeni belief about progressive art
Must confront the catastrophe of modernity
Must he independent of the culture industry - autonomous
E.g talk about the holocaust
Adorno philosophy of new music
Schoenburg and progress
Stravinsky and reaction
Schoenburg the presidents own
Tonal and relatively pleasant
Shows Adorno was more interested in Schoenburgs social relations that music
Adorno and the institutional avant-garde
Festivals of New music E.g Darmstadt and Donaueschingen
Perspectives of what music should look like and do
12 tone row
After Adorno
1952/1953-1958
The Darmstadt School
The Darmstadt School belief about Adorno
Adorno was right about historical progress but picked the wrong composer
Schoenburg was fact regressive
The Darmstadt School and Anton Webern
Showed an extention of serial organisations to multiple musical parameters, beyond just pitch:
Rhythm, dynamics and intensity
The Darmstadt School and electrical music
Technical dimension
Idea that music represents the future
Nummer 4 met dose tinen
1952 Kovel Goeyvaerts Toned electronic music Totally organised Starts and ends together but spreads out in the middle
Avant garde conclusion
Claim about the future, artists and society
Social relationships
Viscious cycle
Gesong Der Junglinge
Stockhausen
1955-56
Song of the youth
Children’s voices
Codec error
Schubert
Music light and choreography
Double bass, 2 percussionists and light
Digital age
Antonin Artaud no more masterpieces
From 'theatre and its double' Theatre of cruelty Shock and confront the audience Gesture and movement more powerful than text Teach the audience something
