17th C. Flashcards
Early 17th C
Dominated by modal system
Polyphonic
Prima practicca
17th C. Developments
Vertical harmony
Melody and bass (basso continuo)
Ornamentation
New forms
Musical developments
Stile recitativo
Basso continuo
Tonal System
Idiomatic instrumental writing
Aesthetic changes
Primacy of words
Moving the passions
Social/cultural changes
Patronage
Private music making
Concert life in London
Development of tonal system
Moving through keys
Suspensions
Circle of fifths
Expressivity
Emotion?
Emotion
Opus V, sonata 3
Arcangelo Corelli
1700
Sonata for violin
Sonata 3 structure
Structured around changes in tonality
Suspensions and circle of fifths
Sonata 3 exploiting violin
Virtuosic
Double stopping
Melody and bass
Sonata 3 emotion
Chains of 7ths build tension
New opera
Move from stile rappresentativo to stile recitativo
Stile rappresentativo
Expressive/dramatic
Stile recitativo
Ordinary rhythms of speech
II Combaltimento di Toncredi e Clarinda
Eight book of madrigals
Stile recitativo
Instruments used to represent battle
Claudio Manteverdi
Lamento della Ninfa
Between 1614-1638
Eigth book of Madrigals
Eighth book of Madrigals
1638
Claudio Monteverdi
Lamento della Ninfa music
Solo over a ground bass
Modrigal style writing
3-part male voices
Lamento della Ninfa expressivity
Dissonances
Range of approaches
Text at forefront
Henry Purcell
1659-1695
Meaning of individual words
Expressive
Hail! Bright Cecelia
1692
Text by Nicholas Brady
Honour of the feast day of the patron Saint of musicians
Purcell using a mixture of old and new
Some movements focuss on solo and accompaniment
Others employ contrapuntal writing
Le Nuovo Musiche
1602 Di Giulio Caccini 'the new music' Developments of tonal harmony Centred around the text
Example of ‘the new music’
Amarilli mia bella
How was Amarilla mia bella new
Just melody and bass
Scope for individual expression
Seconda practicca
Words before polyphony
Driven by harmony
Easy tk understand and emotional
Example of early 17th C. Music
Jestorum anime
Text unclear and not aimed at emotion
Example of 17th C. Music developing
Sichio Vorreu Marire
Monteverdi
Simpler polyphony - can hear words
Stronger Suspensions = emotion
Example of want of emotion in music
From harmony to heavenly harmony
Poem by John Dryden
You should feel something when you hear music
Claudio Monteverdi developments in 6th book of Madrigals
Slow development
Formal structure dictated by the music
Basso continuo
Words are the mistress kf harmony
Crisis of the 17th century
Economic crisis
Social conventions collapsing
Political confusion
Catholics vs protestants
How did the crisis lead to a revolution in music
Music open to the public as expression of political authority
Propoganda and representation
Disintegration of old social procedures
Where does Concerto come from
Latin ‘con-certore’ meaning to compete or struggle together
Monteverdi use of concerto in title of book 7
Highly indicative of the variety, mixture and plurality of the different music ingredients
Lamento della ninfa division
3 parts
Nymph lamenting her fate in the middle and the choir of pastori on either side
Monteverdi intro notes for lamento della ninfa
‘sing according tk her emotions’
Shows the development of emotions
Hail! Bright Cecilia structure
8 keys opening in D major
Much fugal material
Monteverdi textures
Contrasts e.g somber bass solo vs full chorus
Monteverdi hail ceclia representation
Highly symbolic e.g ‘soul of the world’ is a grand chorus as it represents the creation of the world
