Pelvis & Gluteal Region

Question 1

The pelvic girdle consists of 2 ____ and the ___

Answer 1

os coxae and the sacrum

Question 2

The sacrum and os coxae have an attachment called the ____ joint.

Answer 2

sacroiliac

Question 3

Apart from the os coxae and the sacrum, the other attachment to make a full pelvic ring is the pubic ____.

Answer 3

symphysis

Question 4

The main function of the bony ring in the pelvic girdle is to transfer force from top to bottom and from bottom to top. The weight is coming down through our pelvis but our ground reaction force is coming up through the legs through the pelvis.

Answer 4

Got it

Question 5

The auricular surface of the sacroiliac joint is considered the (anterior/posterior) surface of the sacroiliac joint.

Answer 5

anterior

Question 6

The sacroiliac joint is made up of two types of joints. The anterior region (the auricular surface) of the ilium is a (fibrous/synovial) joint. The auricular surface of the ilium is covered in (fibrocartilage/hyaline).

Answer 6

synovial; fibrocartilage

Question 7

The sacrum’s auricular region which is a (fibrous/synovial) joint is covered in (fibrocartilage/hyaline) cartilage

Answer 7

synovial; hyaline

Question 8

The posterior portion of the sacroiliac joint is a (fibrous/synovial) joint.

Answer 8

fibrous

Question 9

The posterior zone of the sacroiliac joint is called the (auricular/tuberosity) region because of the irregular shape of the pieces of bones. So they are irregularly shaped and highly congruent in all three dimensions.

Answer 9

tuberosity

Question 10

The ilium surfaces kind of go in an angle from superolateral to inferomedial. If we look at the sacrum it’s like an upside-down triangle which fits very nicely to the wedge created by the ilium. The shape of the sacroiliac joint line (allows/prevents) the spine and the sacrum from crashing through the pelvic ring when the center of mass comes down through this area.

Answer 10

prevents

Question 11

The sacroiliac joint is a joint that has (a lot of/limited) motion. It has some motion, but it is very limited.

Answer 11

limited

Question 12

The ____ ligament attaches with the anterior sacroiliac ligament at L_.

Answer 12

iliolumbar; 5

Question 13

The ventral and dorsal sacroiliac ligaments resist any (anterior or posterior/medial or lateral) movement of the sacroiliac joint.

Answer 13

anterior or posterior

Question 14

Coming off of the ischial spine and going to the sacrum is the _____ ligament

Answer 14

sacrospinous

Question 15

Coming from the sacrum to the ischial tuberosity is the ____ ligament.

Answer 15

sacrotuberous

Question 16

The sacrospinous ligament and the sacrotuberous ligament will resist (flexion/extension) of the sacrum on the os coxae.

Answer 16

flexion

Question 17

The _____ sacroiliac ligaments live between the sacrum and the ilium in the tuberosity region.

Answer 17

interosseous

Question 18

The ____ sacroiliac ligaments are the fibers that makeup the soft tissue connection between the two tuberosity regions.

Answer 18

interosseous

Question 19

The medial surface of the pubic bone is the ______ surface (it’s flat) and that creates the pubic symphysis joint.

Answer 19

symphyseal

Question 20

The pubic symphysis has a chunk of fibrocartilage in-between both symphyseal surfaces and that makes the pubic symphysis a (fibrous/cartilaginous) joint.

Answer 20

cartilaginous

Question 21

There is a superior pubic ligament and an inferior pubic ligament that is called the _____ ligament. The fibrocartilage disc uniting the two pubic bones is reinforced by these two ligaments.

Answer 21

arcuate

Question 22

The pelvic inlet is a marcation that separates the (true/false) pelvis (greater pelvis) from the (true/false) pelvis (lesser pelvis).

Answer 22

false; true

Question 23

The _____ starts at the sacral promontory and goes along these two expansive rims of the sacrum that are projecting out laterally that are called the ala of the sacrum. From there it connects to the os coxae. There is a ridge along the lower portion of the ilium called the arcuate line. And if we follow that to the pubic rami we have what is called the pecten of the pubis. So the arcuate line continues on to become the pecten of the pubis and then it ends at the superior surface of the pubic bone and the pubic symphysis itself. That forms a circle or a ring that separates the false pelvis from the true pelvis.

Answer 23

pelvic inlet

Question 24

Anything above the pelvic inlet is the (true/false) pelvis and anything below it is the (true/false) pelvis.

Answer 24

false; true

Question 25

In the biological female, the bladder, the uterus, and the rectum are all within the (true/false) pelvis.

Answer 25

true

Question 26

In the biological male, the bladder and the rectum are all within the (true/false) pelvis.

Answer 26

true

Question 27

Essentially, in the (true/false) pelvis (below the pelvic inlet) we have the terminal portions of the GI tract and organs of the urogenital system

Answer 27

true

Question 28

The lateral boundary of the pelvic cavity is the ____.

Answer 28

obturator internus

Question 29

The posterior boundary of the pelvic cavity is the ____ and ____ muscle.

Answer 29

piriformis and coccygeus

Question 30

The inferior boundary of the pelvic cavity is a group of muscles called the ____

Answer 30

levator ani

Question 31

The piriformis, coccygeus, the levator ani, and the obturator internus makeup the pelvic_____ .

Answer 31

diaphragm (floor)

Question 32

• The pelvic ____ separates the true pelvis from the perineum.

Answer 32

diaphragm (floor)

Question 33

The (peritoneum/perineum) is the outer layer surrounding our external genitalia in between our legs and it is made up of several layers of fascia and blood vessels and subcutaneous fat.

Answer 33

perineum

Question 34

The (inguinal/gluteal) region is the region between the trunk and the thigh and it is filled with muscles that connect the os coxae to the femur.

Answer 34

gluteal

Question 35

In the (inguinal/gluteal) region for internal rotation, there is no internal rotation muscle. There are several secondary internal rotators or several synergistic internal rotators that exist.

Answer 35

gluteal

Question 36

The ____ spine separates the greater sciatic notch from the lesser sciatic notch.

Answer 36

ischial

Question 37

The sacrotuberous ligament and the sacrospinous ligament, by crossing each other form the greater sciatic foramen at the area of the (greater/lesser) sciatic notch and the lesser sciatic foramen at the area of the (greater/lesser) sciatic notch.

Answer 37

greater; lesser

Question 38

The ____ sciatic foramen and the ____ sciatic foramen are important because they form a passageway that allows muscle and neurovascular structures to go from the pelvis to the thigh.

Answer 38

greater; lesser

Question 39

The pudendal neurovascular bundle and the nerve to the obturator internus both come out of the (greater/lesser) sciatic foramen, but the pudendal neurovascular bundle goes back in through the (greater/lesser) sciatic foramen to get to provide chief sensory information to the external genitalia. The obturator internus nerve follows it and goes to the obturator internus. The obturator internus also goes out of the lesser sciatic foramen.

Answer 39

greater; lesser

Question 40

Structures that come out of the (greater/lesser) sciatic foramen include the piriformis, superior/inferior gluteal neurovascular bundles, sciatic nerve, posterior femoral cutaneous nerve, and the pudendal neurovascular bundle.

Answer 40

greater

Question 41

Nerves to the obturator internus, superior gemellus, quadratus femoris, and the inferior gemellus all come out of the (greater/lesser) sciatic foramen.

Answer 41

greater