Hip & Thigh Flashcards

1
Q

• The acetabulum, like the glenoid, forms a socket. The acetabulum is not a true full circle. It has a circular rim around it but that rim is not a full circle. What fills the space that does not make it a true circle is what is called the ____ notch.

A

acetabular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The hip joint is a (hinge/ball and socket) joint.

A

ball and socket

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

In the hip joint, the (ball/socket) is the femoral head and the (ball/socket) is the acetabulum.

A

ball; socket

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The acetabulum has a deeper concavity than the glenoid and that provides more (mobility/stability).

A

stability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

• The acetabulum is an intersection of what three bones?

A

The ilium, ischium, and the pubis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

• The acetabulum is not fully circular, it’s more horseshoe shaped and the hyaline cartilage only covers the (entire/periphery of the) socket. The hyaline cartilage where it is attached is called the ____ portion.

A

periphery; lunate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

• The whole bony inside of the acetabulum is called the ____ fossa.

A

acetabular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

• The transverse acetabular ligament closes the ring of the acetabulum to provide that (mobility/stability). There is an acetabular labrum that is more external to the rim and this labrum is completely (hyaline cartilage/fibrocartilage) around the horseshoe part of the acetabulum and it continues with the transverse acetabular ligament and blends in with it.

A

stability; fibrocartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

• More centrally on the femoral head, the hyaline cartilage is (thicker/thinner) to handle body weight.

A

thicker

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

• The femoral head gets its’ blood supply through the ___ and ___ arteries.

A

medial circumflex and lateral cirumflex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

• The acetabular labrum extends out further laterally beyond the greatest diameter of the femoral head and that is important because that means that the acetabular labrum has a (smaller/larger) circumference than the femoral head itself. So the largest portion of the femoral head itself is (superficial/deep) to the acetabular labrum which provides a great amount of stability.

A

smaller; deep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

• The acetabular labrum’s ring is (smaller/larger) than the femoral head.

A

smaller

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

• The hip joint has a joint capsule so it is a (synovial/cartilaginous) joint.

A

synovial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

• The (fibrous/synovial) joint capsule at the hip fully covers the anterior portion of the neck of the femur and the femoral head that is exposed and covers 2/3 of the posterior portion. The (fibrous/synovial) portion does not go the full length of the neck anteriorly and it actually folds back in on itself which pins the circumflex arteries to the bone.

A

fibrous; synovial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

• The ___ and ___ arteries are firmly attached to the neck of the femur. So if someone fractures their femoral neck there is a good chance that those blood vessels will be lacerated or ruptured. And if that happens the femoral head will die.

A

medial circumflex and lateral circumflex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

• The most anterior ligament of the hip joint runs from the anterior inferior iliac spine to the intertrochanteric line and this ligament is called the (iliofemoral/pubofemoral) ligament.

A

iliofemoral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

• Due to the orientation of the fibers of the (iliofemoral/pubofemoral) ligament, it creates a Y shape and that is why it is also referred to as the Y ligament of Bigelow.

A

iliofemoral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

• The (iliofemoral/pubofemoral) ligament of the hip is running from the superior pubic ramus to the intertrochanteric line.

A

pubofemoral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

• The most posterior ligament of the hip joint is the (pubofemoral/ischiofemoral) ligament. It is running from the posterior aspect of the hip along the ischial contribution of the acetabular rim, running all the way around laterally and anteriorly to wrap around the base of the femoral neck to attach pretty much on the anterior surface.

A

ischiofemoral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

• The iliofemoral ligament resists (flexion/extension) so this ligament will be our (primary/secondary) stabilizer for hip extension.

A

extension; primary

21
Q

• The pubofemoral ligament and the ischiofemoral ligament resist (flexion/extension) of the hip.

A

extension

22
Q

• The pubofemoral ligament is in a perfect position to resist (adduction/abduction) of the hip joint as well as extension.

A

abduction

23
Q

• The ischiofemoral ligament is in a good position to resist (medial/lateral) rotation of the hip as well as extension.

A

medial

24
Q

Name the hamstring muscles.

A

Biceps femoris, semimembranosus, & semitendinosus

25
Q

• There is no single blood vessel that runs through the (anterior/posterior) thigh.

A

posterior

26
Q

• There is a tendinous region on the broad span of the adductor magnus muscle down the shaft of the femur. In the tendinous region there are some holes there that contain the blood supply, which are the perforating branches of the deep ____ artery. They are called perforating because they perforate through the adductor magnus to supply the muscles on the (anterior/posterior) thigh.

A

femoral; posterior

27
Q

• So the only blood supply going to the posterior compartment of the thigh is from the perforating arteries of the deep ____ artery.

A

femoral

28
Q

• Between the three hamstrings there are two medial hamstrings which are the semitendinosus and semimembranosus and the more lateral one being the biceps femoris. The semitendinosus is the more (superficial/deep) muscle of the medial hamstrings and the semimembranosus is the more (superficial/deeper) muscle of the medial hamstrings.

A

superficial; deeper

29
Q

• The sciatic nerve is made up of the (tibial/common fibular) (anterior division: L4-S3) and the (tibial/common fibular) (common peroneal) (posterior division: L4-S2) nerve.

A

tibial; common fibular

30
Q

• The sciatic nerve is coming down just (superior/inferior) to the piriformis muscle and runs (superficial/deep) to the hamstrings.

A

inferior; deep

31
Q

• The sciatic nerve exits the (greater/lesser) sciatic foramen.

A

greater

32
Q

• The sciatic nerve splits to the tibial and common fibular nerve around the (proximal/distal) 1/3 of the femur.

A

distal

33
Q

• When the sciatic nerve splits, the common fibular nerve comes out (medially/laterally) and the tibial nerve comes out (medially/laterally).

A

laterally; medially

34
Q

• The superficial or anterior layer of the posterior compartment medial muscles is made up of the ___ and ____ .

A

adductor longus and pectineus

35
Q

• The middle layer of the posterior compartment medial muscles is made up of one muscle called the ____.

A

adductor brevis

36
Q

• The deep or posterior layer of the posterior compartment medial muscles is made up of the _____ and the _____.

A

adductor magnus and the obturator externus

37
Q

• The innervation for the medial compartment muscles within the posterior compartment is the ____ nerve.

A

obturator

38
Q

• The obturator nerve as it exits the obturator foramen splits into an anterior and a posterior branch which then straddle the (adductor brevis/adductor magnus) as it makes its’ way down to innervate all of the muscles of the medial compartment within the posterior compartment.

A

adductor brevis

39
Q

• The superior border of the femoral triangle is made up of the ____ ligament.

A

inguinal

40
Q

• The lateral border of the femoral triangle is the ___ muscle.

A

sartorius

41
Q

• The medial border of the femoral triangle is the medial edge of the ____.

A

adductor longus

42
Q

• The floor of the femoral triangle is made up of the ___ muscle, the _____, and a small portion of the _____.

A

pectineus, adductor longus, iliopsoas

43
Q

• The contents within the femoral triangle from medial to lateral include the ____, the ______, and the _____.

A

femoral nerve, femoral artery, and the femoral vein

44
Q

• The adductor (subsartorial) canal is located at the (apex/base) of the femoral triangle.

A

apex

45
Q

• The adductor canal runs between the _____ muscle and the adductor ____ and adductor ____ muscle.

A

sartorius; longus; magnus

46
Q

• The femoral _____, femoral _____, the nerve to the vastus ____, and the ____ nerve go through the (femoral triangle/adductor canal).

A

artery; vein; medialis; saphenous; adductor canal

47
Q

• The adductor canal ends at the adductor ____, which is a site where the femoral vessels enter into the popliteal region of the knee.

A

hiatus

48
Q

• The ____ artery is the continuation of the femoral artey when it crosses through the adductor hiatus.

A

popliteal

49
Q

• Deep to the sartorius muscle is the (rectus femoris/vastus intermedius). The vastus medialis is on the (medial/lateral) side of the rectus femoris. The vastus lateralis is on the (medial/lateral) side of the rectus femoris. The vastus intermedius is (superficial/deep) to the rectus femoris.

A

rectus femoris; medial; lateral; deep