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Anatomy II > Actions/Origins/Insertions/Innervations > Flashcards

Actions/Origins/Insertions/Innervations Flashcards

1
Q

What is the action of the external oblique?

A

It compresses and supports the abdominal viscera and flexes and rotates the trunk

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2
Q

What is the origin of the external oblique?

A

External surface of the 5th-12th ribs

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3
Q

What is the insertion of the external oblique?

A

Anterior half of the iliac crest, linea alba, and pubic tubercle

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4
Q

What is the innervation of the external oblique?

A

Thoraco-abdominal and subcostal nerves (anterior rami of T7-T12 spinal nerves)

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5
Q

What is the action of the internal oblique?

A

Compresses and supports the abdominal viscera and flexes and rotates the trunk

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6
Q

What is the origin of the internal oblique?

A

Anterior 2/3s of the iliac crest, the thoracolumbar fascia, and connective tissue deep to the inguinal ligament

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7
Q

What is the insertion of the internal oblique?

A

The inferior borders of the 10th-12th ribs, linea alba, and pubis via the conjoint tendon

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8
Q

What is the innervation of the internal oblique?

A

The thoraco-abdominal nerves (anterior rami of T7-T11), subcostal, and first lumbar nerve

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9
Q

What is the action of the transversus abdominis?

A

It compresses and supports the abdominal viscera

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10
Q

What is the origin of the transversus abdominis?

A

The internal surfaces of the 7th-12th costal cartilages, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, and connective tissue deep to the inguinal ligament

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11
Q

What is the insertion of the transversus abdominis?

A

The aponeurosis of the internal oblique, linea alba, pubic crest, and pubis via the conjoint tendon

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12
Q

What is the innervation of the transversus abdominis?

A

The thoraco-abdominal nerves (anterior rami of T7-T11), the subcostal, and first lumbar nerve

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13
Q

What is the action of the rectus abdominis?

A

It flexes the trunk (lumbar vertebrae), compresses the abdominal viscera, and stabilizes and controls the tilt of the pelvis (antilordosis)

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14
Q

What is the origin of the rectus abdominis?

A

The pubic crest and pubic symphysis

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15
Q

What is the insertion of the rectus abdominis?

A

The xiphoid process and 5th-7th costal cartilages

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16
Q

What is the innervation of the rectus abdominis?

A

The thoraco-abdominal and subcostal nerves (anterior rami of T7-T12 spinal nerves)

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17
Q

What is the action of the psoas major?

A

Acting inferiorly with the iliacus it flexes the thigh; acting superiorly, it laterally flexes the vertebral column to balance the trunk; when sitting, it acts inferiorly with the iliacus to flex the trunk.

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18
Q

What is the superior attachment of the psoas major?

A

The transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae, the sides of the bodies of the T12-S1 vertebrae and the intervening IV discs

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19
Q

What is the inferior attachment of the psoas major?

A

By a strong tendon to the lesser trochanter of the femur

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20
Q

What is the innervation of the psoas major?

A

The lumbar plexus via the anterior branches of nerves L2-L4

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21
Q

What is the action of the iliacus?

A

It flexes the thigh and stabilizes the hip joint and it acts with the psoas major

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22
Q

What is the superior attachment of the iliacus?

A

The superior 2/3 of the iliac fossa, ala of the sacrum, and the anterior sacro-iliac ligaments

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23
Q

What is the inferior attachment of the iliacus?

A

The lesser trochanter of the femur, shaft inferior to it, and to the psoas major tendon

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24
Q

What is the innervation of the iliacus ?

A

The femoral nerve (L2-L4)

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25
What is the action of the quadratus lumborum?
It extends and laterally flexes the vertebral column and fixes the 12th rib during inspiration
26
What is the superior attachment of the quadratus lumborum?
The medial half of the inferior border of the 12th rib and tips of the transverse processes of the lumbar
27
What is the inferior attachment of the quadratus lumborum?
The iliolumbar ligament and internal lip of the iliac crest
28
What is the innervation of the quadratus lumborum?
The anterior branches of T12 and L1-L4 nerves
29
What is the action of the gluteus maximus?
It extends the hip joint and assists in its lateral rotation.
30
What is the proximal attachment of the gluteus maximus?
The ilium posterior to the posterior gluteal line, the posterior surface of the sacrum and coccyx, and the sacrotuberous ligament
31
What is the distal attachment of the gluteus maximus?
Most fibers end in the iliotibial tract, which inserts into the lateral condyle of the tibia and some fibers insert on the gluteal tuberosity of the femur.
32
What is the innervation of the gluteus maximus?
The inferior gluteal nerve (L5-S2)
33
What is the action of the gluteus medius?
It abducts the hip joint and the anterior portions medially rotate the hip joint. It also keeps the pelvis level when the opposite limb is elevated
34
What is the proximal attachment of the gluteus medius?
The external surface of the ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines
35
What is the distal attachment of the gluteus medius?
The lateral surface of the greater trochanter of the femur
36
What is the innervation of the gluteus medius?
The superior gluteal nerve (L4-S1)
37
What is the action of the gluteus minimus?
It abducts the hip joint and the anterior portions medially rotate the hip joint. It also helps keep the pelvis level when the opposite limb is elevated.
38
What is the proximal attachment of the gluteus minimus?
The external surface of the ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines
39
What is the distal attachment of the gluteus minimus?
The anterior surface of the greater trochanter of the femur
40
What is the innervation of the gluteus minimus?
The superior gluteal nerve (L4-S1)
41
What is the action of the tensor fasciae latae ?
It flexes the hip joint and acts with the gluteus maximus to stabilize the extended knee joint
42
What is the proximal attachment of the tensor fasciae latae?
The anterior superior iliac spine and anterior part of the iliac crest
43
What is the distal attachment of the tensor fasciae latae?
The iliotibial tract
44
What is the innervation of the tensor fasciae latae?
The superior gluteal nerve (L4-S1)
45
What is the action of the piriformis?
It laterally rotates the extended hip joint and abducts the flexed hip joint
46
What is the proximal attachment of the piriformis?
The anterior surface of the 2nd - 4th sacral segments and the superior margin of the greater sciatic notch and sacrotuberous ligament
47
What is the distal attachment of the piriformis ?
The superior border of the greater trochanter of the femur
48
What is the innervation of the piriformis ?
The branches of anterior rami of S1-S2
49
What is the action of the superior gemellus?
It laterally rotates the extended hip joint and abducts the flexed hip joint
50
What is the proximal attachment of the superior gemellus?
The ischial spine
51
What is the distal attachment of the superior gemellus?
The medial surface of the greater trochanter of the femur
52
What is the innervation of the superior gemellus?
Nerve to the obturator internus (L5-S1)
53
What is the action of the obturator internus?
It laterally rotates the extended hip joint and abducts the flexed hip joint
54
What is the proximal attachment of the obturator internus?
The pelvic surface of the ilium and ischium and the obturator membrane
55
What is the distal attachment of the obturator internus?
The medial surface of the greater trochanter of the femur
56
What is the innervation of the obturator internus?
The nerve to the obturator internus (L5-S1)
57
What is the action of the inferior gemellus?
It laterally rotates the extended hip joint and abducts the flexed hip joint
58
What is the proximal attachment of the inferior gemellus?
The ischial tuberosity
59
What is the distal attachment of the inferior gemellus?
The medial surface of the greater trochanter of the femur
60
What is the innervation of the inferior gemellus?
The nerve to the quadratus femoris (L5-S1)
61
What is the action of the quadratus femoris?
It laterally rotates the hip joint
62
What is the proximal attachment of the quadratus femoris?
The lateral border of the ischial tuberosity
63
What is the distal attachment of the quadratus femoris?
The quadrate tubercle on the intertrochanteric crest of the femur and the area inferior to it
64
What is the innervation of the quadratus femoris?
The nerve to the quadratus femoris (L5-S1)
65
What is the action of the biceps femoris?
It flexes the knee joint and rotates it laterally when the knee is flexed. It also extends the hip joint.
66
What is the proximal attachment for the short head and long head of the biceps femoris?
Short head: The linea aspera and lateral supracondylar line of the femur. Long head: The ischial tuberosity
67
What is the distal attachment of the biceps femoris?
The lateral side of the head of the fibula
68
What is the innervation of the biceps femoris for the short head and long head?
Short head: Common fibular division of the sciatic nerve (L5-S2) Long head: Tibial division of the sciatic nerve (L5-S2)
69
What is the action of the semitendinosus?
It flexes the knee joint and medially rotates the leg when the knee is flexed. It also extends the hip joint.
70
What is the proximal attachment of the semitendinosus?
The ischial tuberosity
71
What is the distal attachment of the semitendinosus?
The medial surface of the superior part of the tibia
72
What is the innervation of the semitendinosus?
The tibial division of the sciatic nerve (L5-S2)
73
What is the action of the semimembranosus?
It flexes the knee joint and medially rotates the leg when the knee is flexed. It also extends the hip joint.
74
What is the proximal attachment of the semimembranosus?
The ischial tuberosity
75
What is the distal attachment of the semimembranosus?
The posterior part of the medial condyle of the tibia
76
What is the innervation of the semimembranosus?
The tibial division of the sciatic nerve (L5-S2)
77
What is the action of the sartorius?
It flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates the hip joint and also flexes the knee joint
78
What is the proximal attachment of the sartorius?
The anterior superior iliac spine and the superior part of the notch inferior to it
79
What is the distal attachment of the sartorius?
The medial surface of the superior part of the tibia
80
What is the innervation of the sartorius?
The femoral nerve (L2-L3)
81
What is the action of the rectus femoris?
It flexes the hip joint and extends the knee joint
82
What is the proximal attachment of the rectus femoris?
The anterior inferior iliac spine and the ilium superior to the acetabulum
83
What is the distal attachment of the rectus femoris?
The tibial tuberosity
84
What is the innervation of the rectus femoris?
The femoral nerve (L2-L4)
85
What is the action of the vastus lateralis?
It flexes the hip joint and extends the knee joint
86
What is the proximal attachment of the vastus lateralis ?
The greater trochanter and the lateral lip of the linea aspera
87
What is the distal attachment of the vastus lateralis?
The tibial tuberosity
88
What is the innervation of the vastus lateralis?
The femoral nerve (L2-L4)
89
What is the action of the vastus medialis?
It flexes the hip joint and extends the knee joint
90
What is the proximal attachment of the vastus medialis?
The intertrochanteric line and the medial lip of the linea aspera
91
What is the distal attachment of the vastus medialis?
The tibial tuberosity
92
What is the innervation of the vastus medialis?
The femoral nerve (L2-L4)
93
What is the action of the vastus intermedius?
It flexes the hip joint and extends the knee joint
94
What is the proximal attachment of the vastus intermedius?
The anterior and lateral surfaces of the shaft of the femur
95
What is the distal attachment of the vastus intermedius?
The tibial tuberosity
96
What is the innervation of the vastus intermedius?
The femoral nerve (L2-L4)
97
What is the action of the pectineus?
It adducts and flexes the hip joint and assists in medial rotation of the hip joint
98
What is the proximal attachment of the pectineus?
The superior ramus of the pubis
99
What is the distal attachment of the pectineus?
The pectineal line of the femur
100
What is the innervation of the pectineus?
The femoral nerve (L2-L3)
101
What is the action of the adductor longus?
It adducts the hip joint
102
What is the proximal attachment of the adductor longus?
The body of pubis inferior to the pubic crest
103
What is the distal attachment of the adductor longus?
The middle 1/3 of the linea aspera of the femur
104
What is the innervation of the adductor longus?
The obturator nerve (L2-L4)
105
What is the action of the adductor brevis?
It adducts the hip joint and barely flexes it
106
What is the proximal attachment of the adductor brevis?
The body of pubis and inferior ramus of the pubis
107
What is the distal attachment of the adductor brevis?
The pectineal line and proximal part of the linea aspera of the femur
108
What is the innervation of the adductor brevis?
The obturator nerve (L2-L4)
109
What is the action of the adductor magnus, as well as for the adductor part and hamstring part?
It adducts the hip joint, the adductor part flexes the hip joint, and the hamstring part extends it
110
What is the proximal attachment for the adductor magnus for the adductor part and the hamstring part?
Adductor part: Inferior ramus of the pubis and the ramus of the ischium. Hamstring part: The ischial tuberosity
111
What is the distal attachment for the adductor magnus for the adductor part and the hamstring part?
Adductor part: Gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera, and medial supracondylar line. Hamstring part: Adductor tubercle of the femur
112
What is the innervation for the adductor magnus for the adductor part and the hamstring part?
Adductor part: Obturator nerve (L2-L4). | Hamstring part: Tibial part of the sciatic nerve (L4).
113
What is the action of the gracilis?
It adducts the hip joint, flexes the knee joint and medially rotates it
114
What is the proximal attachment of the gracilis?
The body of the pubis and the inferior ramus of the pubis
115
What is the distal attachment of the gracilis?
The medial surface of the superior part of the tibia
116
What is the innervation of the gracilis?
The obturator nerve (L2-L3)
117
What is the action of the obturator externus?
It laterally rotates the hip joint and pulls the head of the femur into the acetabulum, holding the pelvis steady
118
What is the proximal attachment of the obturator externus?
The margins of the obturator foramen and the obturator membrane
119
What is the distal attachment of the obturator externus?
The trochanteric fossa of the femur
120
What is the innervation of the obturator externus?
The obturator nerve (L3-L4)

Anatomy II (13 decks)

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