Pelvis and Hip Flashcards
Identify
Identify
Identify
The pelvis consists of four bones. The two ___ bones, the ___, and the ___.
The hip bone is often referred to as the ____ and some textbooks continue to refer it as the ___ bone.
The hip bone consists of the ___, ___, and ___. These three bones join together to form the ___ (hold head of femur).
The body of the ___ forms approximately two fifths of the acetabulum superiorly.
The body of the ___ forms approximately one fifth of the acetabulum anteriorly.
The body of the ___ forms approximately two fifths of the acetabulum posteriorly.
The pelvis consists of four bones. The two hip bones, the sacrum, and the coccyx.
The hip bone is often referred to as the os coxae and some textbooks continue to refer it as the innominate bone.
The hip bone consists of the ilium, pubis, and ischium. These three bones join together to form the acetabulum (hold head of femur).
The body of the ilium forms approximately two fifths of the acetabulum superiorly.
The body of the pubis forms approximately one fifth of the acetabulum anteriorly.
The body of the ischium forms approximately two fifths of the acetabulum posteriorly.
Female and Male Pelvis Characteristics
Shape =
Bony Structure =
Superior Aperture (Inlet) =
Inferior Aperture (Outlet) =
Female and Male Pelvis Characteristics
Shape = f - wide, shallow m - narrow, deep
Bony Structure = f - light m - heavy
Superior Aperture (Inlet) = f - oval (for child-bearing) m - round
Inferior Aperture (Outlet) = f - wide m - narrow
Pelvis
What are the routine projections, kVp, and SID of the pelvis?
Pelvis
What are the routine projections, kVp, and SID of the pelvis?
Projections = AP, Lateral (Frogleg)
kVp = 80 grid
SID = 40”
AP Pelvis/Bilateral Hips
Patient is in ___ position.
Unless contraindicated because of trauma or pathological factors, ___ rotate the lower limbs ___° to place the proximal ___ in the true AP position.
Place IR so that upper border is ___ to ___ inches above the crest of the ___.
Center CR to ___ plane of the body and to the center of IR. This will be about ___ inches superior to the ___ and ___ inches superior to the ___.
Respiration is ___ for the exposure.
Entire pelvis must be included along with the proximal ___. Check for rotation of the pelvis by looking to see if the ___ are symmetrical. The legs are properly positioned if you lose sight or almost lose sight of the ___.
AP Pelvis/Bilateral Hips
Patient is in supine position.
Unless contraindicated because of trauma or pathological factors, medially rotate the lower limbs 15° to place the proximal femurs in the true AP position.
Place IR so that upper border is 1 to 1.5 inches above the crest of the ilium.
Center CR to midsaggital plane of the body and to the center of IR. This will be about 2 inches superior to the ASIS and 2 inches superior to the PUBIC SYMPHYSIS.
Respiration is SUSPENDED for the exposure.
Entire pelvis must be included along with the proximal FEMURS. Check for rotation of the pelvis by looking to see if the OBTURATOR FORAMINA are symmetrical. The legs are properly positioned if you lose sight or almost lose sight of the LESSER TROCHANTER.
Bilateral Frogleg Lateral Position - Modified Cleaves Method
The patient is ___ with knees flexed enough to place the ___ surface of the feet on the table top.
Direct CR to ___ plane about ___ inch superior to the ___.
___ the thighs as much as possible and have the patient turn the feet ___ to brace the soles against each other for support. Be sure to ___ the thighs to the same degree to prevent ___ of the pelvis.
This projection will demonstrate an ___ position of the femoral ___, ___, and ___ areas.
The frog leg position is contraindicated for the patient suspected of having a ___ or other pathological disease. ___ lateral hip projections would be taken in this case.
Bilateral Frogleg Lateral Position - Modified Cleaves Method
The patient is supine with knees flexed enough to place the plantar surface of the feet on the table top.
Direct CR to midsaggital plane about 1 inch superior to the pubic symphysis.
Abduct the thighs as much as possible and have the patient turn the feet inward to brace the soles against each other for support. Be sure to abduct the thighs to the same degree to prevent rotation of the pelvis.
This projection will demonstrate an oblique position of the femoral heads, necks, and trochanteric areas.
The frog leg position is contraindicated for the patient suspected of having a fracture or other pathological disease. Surgical lateral hip projections would be taken in this case.
Pelvis - Trauma
What are the routine TRAUMA projections, kVp, and SID of the pelvis?
Pelvis - Trauma
What are the routine TRAUMA projections, kVp, and SID of the pelvis?
Projections = AP axial outlet projection - Taylor Method and AP axial inlet
kVp = 80 grid
SID = 40”
Pelvis - Trauma
AP Axial Outlet Projection - Taylor Method
Patient is ___ with legs ___ and ___ rotated ___° if possible.
Direct CR to ___ plane at a level just ___ the pubic symphysis.
Angle the tube ___-___° ___ for a male patient or ___-___° ___ for a female patient.
This projection elongates the ___ and ___ of the femurs.
AP Axial Inlet
Patient is ___ with legs ___ and medially rotated ___° if possible.
Direct the CR to the ___ plane at the level of the ___ with the tube angle of ___° ___.
This projection demonstrates an axial projection of the ___ in its entirety.
Pelvis - Trauma
AP Axial Outlet Projection - Taylor Method
Patient is supine with legs extended and medially rotated 15° if possible.
Direct CR to midsaggital plane at a level just below the pubic symphysis.
Angle the tube 20-35° cephalad for a male patient or 30-45° cephalad for a female patient.
This projection elongates the head and neck of the femurs.
AP Axial Inlet
Patient is supine with legs extended and medially rotated 15° if possible.
Direct the CR to the midsaggital plane at the level of the ASIS with the tube angle of 40° caudid.
This projection demonstrates an axial projection of the pelvic ring in its entirety.
Hip
What are the routine projections, kVp, and SID of the hip?
Hip
What are the routine projections, kVp, and SID of the hip?
Projection = AP and lateral
kVp = 80 grid
SID = 40”
Hip Note
If an examination of the hip is requested on a patient with no previous hip or pelvis exams, an AP projection of the ___ is taken in addition to the AP projection of the ___.
Hip Note
If an examination of the hip is requested on a patient with no previous hip or pelvis exams, an AP projection of the pelvis is taken in addition to the AP projection of the hip.
Hip - AP
Patient is ___ with legs ___.
If patient is able, ___ rotate the affected leg ___° to achieve a true AP.
Direct CR through the hip joint, midway between the ___ and the ___.
The ___ trochanter will be demonstrated in profile. The ___ trochanter is usually somewhat hidden and not projected much beyond the ___ border of the femur.
Any ___ appliance MUST be included in its entirety.
Hip - AP
Patient is supine with legs extended.
If patient is able, medially rotate the affected leg 15° to achieve a true AP.
Direct CR through the hip joint, midway between the ASIS and the pubic symphysis.
The greater trochanter will be demonstrated in profile. The lesser trochanter is usually somewhat hidden and not projected much beyond the medial border of the femur.
Any orthopedic appliance MUST be included in its entirety.
Hip - Lateral - Frog Leg Position
Patient is in ___ position with legs ___.
Have the patient flex the ___ and ___of the affected side, then abduct the thigh ___ and brace the sole of the foot against opposite ___.
Localize the hip joint and direct CR through the ___ joint.
The ___ should be visible on the ___ side of the femur.
Hip - Lateral - Frog Leg Position
Patient is in supine position with legs extended.
Have the patient flex the hip and knee of the affected side, then abduct the thigh laterally and brace the sole of the foot against opposite knee.
Localize the hip joint and direct CR through the hip joint.
The lesser trochanter should be visible on the medial side of the femur.
Hip - Surgical Lateral Hip or True Lateral Hip
The patient is in ___ position with legs ___.
Place IR in a ___ position with it’s upper border in the crease above the ___ of the affected hip.
Flex the hip and knee of the ___ side to elevate the thigh in a ___ position and rest the ___ leg on a suitable support.
Angle the ___ border of the IR away from the body until the IR is exactly ___with the long axis of the femoral ___.
Direct CR ___ to the long axis of the femoral ___.
This projection demonstrates a true lateral projection of the hip and the relationship between the ___ and ___.
Hip - Surgical Lateral Hip or True Lateral Hip
The patient is in supine position with legs extended.
Place IR in a vertical position with it’s upper border in the crease above the iliac crest of the affected hip.
Flex the hip and knee of the unaffected side to elevate the thigh in a vertical position and rest the affected leg on a suitable support.
Angle the lower border of the IR away from the body until the IR is exactly parallel with the long axis of the femoral neck.
Direct CR perpendicular to the long axis of the femoral neck.
This projection demonstrates a true lateral projection of the hip and the relationship between the femur and acetabulum.
