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Radiographic Procedures and Positioning > Orientation Terminology > Flashcards

Orientation Terminology Flashcards

8/16 class

1
Q

IR

A

Image Receptor (film)

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2
Q

View

A

view from vantage point of IR (how you’re seeing picture)

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3
Q

Projection

A

path of radiation from X-ray tube through patient to IR

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4
Q

View and projections will always be ____

A

opposites

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5
Q

AP projection is a ____ view

A

PA view

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6
Q

Abduction

A

movement of a part away from center of body

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7
Q

Adduction

A

movement of a part towards center of body

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8
Q

Extension

A

straightening of a joint

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9
Q

Flexion

A

bending of a joint (angle between bones diminished)

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10
Q

Evert/Eversion

A

movement of foot when turned outward at the ankle joint with lower leg remaining in anatomical position

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11
Q

Invert/Inversion

A

movement of foot when turned inward at ankle joint

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12
Q

Pronate

A

to turn arm(s) so palm of hand(s) faces backward - medial or internal rotation

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13
Q

Supinate

A

to turn arm(s) so palm of hand(s) faces forward - lateral or external rotation

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14
Q

Lateral Oblique/External Rotation

A

outward rotation of extremity from either supine/prone

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15
Q

Medial Oblique/Internal Rotation

A

inward rotation of an extremity from supine/prone position

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16
Q

Midsagittal Plane

A

divides body into equal left and right portions

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17
Q

Midcoronal Plane

A

divides body into anterior and posterior portions

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18
Q

SID

A

“source to image receptor distance” -distance between X-ray tube to IR

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19
Q

OID

A

“object to image receptor distance” -object you’re imaging and how far away it is from the IR/film -distance should be as little as possible

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20
Q

SOD

A

“source to object distance” -distance between X-ray tube and object ex) hand

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21
Q

Ventral

A

front part of body

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22
Q

Anterior

A

front part of body

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23
Q

Posterior

A

back part of body

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24
Q

Dorsal

A

back part of body

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25
Q

Caudad

A

(angulation of the tube) toward the feet

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26
Q

Cephalad

A

(angulation of the tube) toward the head

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27
Q

Inferior

A

away from head end of body

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28
Q

Superior

A

toward the head end of body

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29
Q

Distal

A

away from head origin of a part

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30
Q

Proximal

A

toward head origin of a part

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31
Q

Lateral

A

parts away from center of body

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32
Q

Medial

A

parts toward the center of body

33
Q

Body Position

A

manner in which patient is placed in relation to the surrounding space

34
Q

Anatomic Position

A

body is erect with arms at the sides and palms turned forward

35
Q

Supine

A

lying on back, face up

36
Q

Prone

A

lying face down

37
Q

Erect

A

upright (standing or sitting)

38
Q

Recumbent

A

lying down, in any position

39
Q

Decubitus

A

lying down with a horizontal beam

40
Q

Lateral Decubitus

A

lying on the side = side down is side demonstrated

41
Q

Left Lateral Decubitus

A

lying on left side

42
Q

Right Lateral Decubitus

A

lying on right side

43
Q

Oblique Position

A

position in which body part is rotated so that it does not produce a PA, AP, or lateral projection

44
Q

RAO

A

right anterior oblique - right anterior side closest to IR

45
Q

LAO

A

left anterior oblique - left anterior side closest to IR

46
Q

RPO

A

right posterior oblique - right posterior side closest to IR

47
Q

LPO

A

left posterior oblique - left posterior side closest to IR

48
Q

Projection

A

path of radiation as it goes from X-ray tube through patient to the IR

49
Q

AP Projection

A

anteroposterior projection - radiation enters anterior surface and exits the posterior surface

50
Q

PA Projection

A

posteroanterior projection - radiation enters posterior surface and exits the anterior surface

51
Q

Lateral Projection

A

side of patient closest to IR

52
Q

What projection is being demonstrated?

A

anteroposterior projecion

53
Q

What projection is being demonstrated?

A

posteroanterior projection

54
Q

What position is being demonstrated?

A

Left lateral position

55
Q

What position is being demonstrated?

A

left posterior oblique position

56
Q

What position is being demonstrated?

A

right lateral position

57
Q

What position is being demonstrated?

A

right anterior oblique position

58
Q

What position is being demonstrated?

A

right posterior oblique position

59
Q

What position is being demonstrated?

A

left anterior oblique position

60
Q

What are the 3 instances where gonad shielding is recommended in order to reduce radiation exposure?

A
  1. Gonads lie within primary x-ray beam or in close proximity -5cm or 2 inches
  2. If shield does not compromise the objective of exam
  3. If patient has reasonable reproductive potential (females 12-55)
61
Q

Where do you place gonad shields on a female?

A

bottom of shield is placed at level of pubic symphysis to cover ovary

62
Q

Where do you place shields on males?

A

top of shield is placed at the level of pubic symphysis to cover testicles

63
Q

Is the shielded patient female or male?

A

Male

64
Q

Is the shielded patient female or male?

A

female

65
Q

What is body habitus?

A

variations in the shape of the human body

66
Q

Body habitus directly affects the location of what 6 things?

A
  1. Heart 2. Lungs 3. Diaphragm 4. Stomach 5. Colon 6. Gallbladder
67
Q

What are the 4 different body habitus?

A
  1. Sthenic
  2. Hyposthenic
  3. Asthenic
  4. Hypersthenic
68
Q

Sthenic body habitus is characterized by having…

A

high stomach

69
Q

Asthenic body habitus is characterized by having…

A

long and narrow lungs and low diaphragm and stomach

70
Q

Hyposthenic body habitus is characterized by being…

A

average

71
Q

Hypersthenic body habitus is characterized by having…

A

massive build, short lungs, and high diaphragm

72
Q

What percentage of the population has an asthenic body habitus?

A

10%

73
Q

What percentage of the population has a hyposthenic body habitus?

A

35%

74
Q

What percentage of the population has a hypersthenic body habitus?

A

5%

75
Q

What percentage of the population has a sthenic body habitus?

A

50%

76
Q

What body habitus is being shown? What are the characteristics?

A

asthenic - long and narrow lungs and low diaphragm and stomach

77
Q

What body habitus is being shown? What are the characteristics?

A

hypersthenic - massive build, short lungs, high diaphragm

78
Q

What body habitus is being shown? What are the characteristics?

A

hyposthenic - average

79
Q

What body habitus is being shown? What are the characteristics?

A

sthenic - high stomach

Radiographic Procedures and Positioning (22 decks)

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