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Radiographic Procedures and Positioning > Orientation Terminology > Flashcards

Orientation Terminology Flashcards

8/16 class

1
Q

IR

A

Image Receptor (film)

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2
Q

View

A

view from vantage point of IR (how you’re seeing picture)

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3
Q

Projection

A

path of radiation from X-ray tube through patient to IR

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4
Q

View and projections will always be ____

A

opposites

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5
Q

AP projection is a ____ view

A

PA view

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6
Q

Abduction

A

movement of a part away from center of body

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7
Q

Adduction

A

movement of a part towards center of body

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8
Q

Extension

A

straightening of a joint

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9
Q

Flexion

A

bending of a joint (angle between bones diminished)

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10
Q

Evert/Eversion

A

movement of foot when turned outward at the ankle joint with lower leg remaining in anatomical position

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11
Q

Invert/Inversion

A

movement of foot when turned inward at ankle joint

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12
Q

Pronate

A

to turn arm(s) so palm of hand(s) faces backward - medial or internal rotation

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13
Q

Supinate

A

to turn arm(s) so palm of hand(s) faces forward - lateral or external rotation

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14
Q

Lateral Oblique/External Rotation

A

outward rotation of extremity from either supine/prone

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15
Q

Medial Oblique/Internal Rotation

A

inward rotation of an extremity from supine/prone position

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16
Q

Midsagittal Plane

A

divides body into equal left and right portions

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17
Q

Midcoronal Plane

A

divides body into anterior and posterior portions

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18
Q

SID

A

“source to image receptor distance” -distance between X-ray tube to IR

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19
Q

OID

A

“object to image receptor distance” -object you’re imaging and how far away it is from the IR/film -distance should be as little as possible

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20
Q

SOD

A

“source to object distance” -distance between X-ray tube and object ex) hand

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21
Q

Ventral

A

front part of body

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22
Q

Anterior

A

front part of body

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23
Q

Posterior

A

back part of body

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24
Q

Dorsal

A

back part of body

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25
Caudad
(angulation of the tube) toward the feet
26
Cephalad
(angulation of the tube) toward the head
27
Inferior
away from head end of body
28
Superior
toward the head end of body
29
Distal
away from head origin of a part
30
Proximal
toward head origin of a part
31
Lateral
parts away from center of body
32
Medial
parts toward the center of body
33
Body Position
manner in which patient is placed in relation to the surrounding space
34
Anatomic Position
body is erect with arms at the sides and palms turned forward
35
Supine
lying on back, face up
36
Prone
lying face down
37
Erect
upright (standing or sitting)
38
Recumbent
lying down, in any position
39
Decubitus
lying down with a horizontal beam
40
Lateral Decubitus
lying on the side = side down is side demonstrated
41
Left Lateral Decubitus
lying on left side
42
Right Lateral Decubitus
lying on right side
43
Oblique Position
position in which body part is rotated so that it does not produce a PA, AP, or lateral projection
44
RAO
right anterior oblique - right anterior side closest to IR
45
LAO
left anterior oblique - left anterior side closest to IR
46
RPO
right posterior oblique - right posterior side closest to IR
47
LPO
left posterior oblique - left posterior side closest to IR
48
Projection
path of radiation as it goes from X-ray tube through patient to the IR
49
AP Projection
anteroposterior projection - radiation enters anterior surface and exits the posterior surface
50
PA Projection
posteroanterior projection - radiation enters posterior surface and exits the anterior surface
51
Lateral Projection
side of patient closest to IR
52
What projection is being demonstrated?
anteroposterior projecion
53
What projection is being demonstrated?
posteroanterior projection
54
What position is being demonstrated?
Left lateral position
55
What position is being demonstrated?
left posterior oblique position
56
What position is being demonstrated?
right lateral position
57
What position is being demonstrated?
right anterior oblique position
58
What position is being demonstrated?
right posterior oblique position
59
What position is being demonstrated?
left anterior oblique position
60
What are the 3 instances where gonad shielding is recommended in order to reduce radiation exposure?
1. Gonads lie within primary x-ray beam or in close proximity -5cm or 2 inches 2. If shield does not compromise the objective of exam 3. If patient has reasonable reproductive potential (females 12-55)
61
Where do you place gonad shields on a female?
bottom of shield is placed at level of pubic symphysis to cover ovary
62
Where do you place shields on males?
top of shield is placed at the level of pubic symphysis to cover testicles
63
Is the shielded patient female or male?
Male
64
Is the shielded patient female or male?
female
65
What is body habitus?
variations in the shape of the human body
66
Body habitus directly affects the location of what 6 things?
1. Heart 2. Lungs 3. Diaphragm 4. Stomach 5. Colon 6. Gallbladder
67
What are the 4 different body habitus?
1. Sthenic 2. Hyposthenic 3. Asthenic 4. Hypersthenic
68
Sthenic body habitus is characterized by having…
high stomach
69
Asthenic body habitus is characterized by having…
long and narrow lungs and low diaphragm and stomach
70
Hyposthenic body habitus is characterized by being…
average
71
Hypersthenic body habitus is characterized by having…
massive build, short lungs, and high diaphragm
72
What percentage of the population has an asthenic body habitus?
10%
73
What percentage of the population has a hyposthenic body habitus?
35%
74
What percentage of the population has a hypersthenic body habitus?
5%
75
What percentage of the population has a sthenic body habitus?
50%
76
What body habitus is being shown? What are the characteristics?
asthenic - long and narrow lungs and low diaphragm and stomach
77
What body habitus is being shown? What are the characteristics?
hypersthenic - massive build, short lungs, high diaphragm
78
What body habitus is being shown? What are the characteristics?
hyposthenic - average
79
What body habitus is being shown? What are the characteristics?
sthenic - high stomach

Radiographic Procedures and Positioning (22 decks)

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