Humerus And Shoulder Flashcards
Identify the structures of the humerus
What are the routine projections for the humerus?
AP and lateral
What is the SID and kVp (both grid and non-grid) for the humerus?
SID= 40” kVp= 80 grid and 60 non-grid
Where should the height of the IR be for an AP humerus?
Upper edge should be 1-2 inches above head of humerus
How do you position a patient for an AP projection of the humerus?
Patient upright with arm straightened and hand supinated
What does the patient being positioned upright with arm straightened and hand supinated do?
Put the humeral epicondyles parallel to the IR
Where do you direct the CR for an AP humerus?
Over the humerus to the midpoint of IR
What does the AP projection of the humerus demonstrate?
Demonstrates the entire length of the humerus with greater tubercle in profile pointing laterally
How do you position a patient for a lateral humerus?
From AP position, have patient flex elbow and rotate arm internally, then place back of hand on hip
What is perpendicular to the IR when the patient is positioned for a lateral humerus?
Epicondyles
What is perpendicular to the IR once the patient is positioned for an lateral humerus?
Epicondyles
What does a lateral humerus demonstrate?
Entire length of humerus with lesser tubercle in profile pointing medially
If a patient is unable to rotate arm for a lateral view, what method can be used instead?
Transthoracic lateral or Lawrence method
What does the transthoracic lateral/Lawrence method demonstrate?
Demonstrates anterior/posterior displacement of fracture or anterior/posterior dislocation of head of humerus
Where should the upper edge of IR be for transthoracic lateral/Lawrence method?
Upper edge of IR 1-2 inches above head of humerus.
How is the patient placed for the transthoracic lateral/Lawrence method?
Patient in lateral position with affected arm against IR and uninjured arm raised to forearm on head (to elevate shoulder of uninjured arm)
Why is the affected arm against the IR for the transthoracic lateral/Lawrence method?
To minimize magnification
What should be in the center of the IR for a transthoracic lateral/Lawrence method?
The affected humerus
Where should the CR be directed for a transthoracic lateral/Lawrence method?
Direct CR through humerus to midpoint of IR
When is the exposure taken for a transthoracic lateral/Lawrence method? Why?
Taken on full inspiration to improve contrast and decrease exposure necessary to penetrate body