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Clinical Med > Peds MS > Flashcards

Peds MS Flashcards

1
Q

What does the peds neuro exam start with?

A

Observation (duh)

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2
Q

What is the normal tone for infants?

A

Flexion at the elbows, hips, and knees

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3
Q

Down syndrome neuromuscular tone = (more or less)?

A

Decreased tone

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4
Q

If one arm is not flexed, what are the two things on your differential?

A

Clavicle fracture

Brachial plexus impingement

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5
Q

What is the approach to examining the clavicle?

A

Move arm

Two finger palpation

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6
Q

If clavicle is normal, and decrease tone is present unilaterally, what should you suspect?

A

Brachial nerve palsy

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7
Q

Clavicle fractures are more common with large or small babies?

A

Large

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8
Q

How do you asses the muscular tone of an infant?

A

Grab arms and legs, pull towards you.

Assess the degree of flexion when you release

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9
Q

What is the pull test?

A

Pick up the baby by both arms, and see what tone is present, what does the head do?

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10
Q

What is ventral suspension?

A

Place baby prone on your hand, should wrap around your hand

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11
Q

What is Barlow’s maneuver?

A

Grasp thigh and see if you push the hip out of the joint by adducting the thigh and applying downward pressure

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12
Q

What is Ortolani’s maneuver?

A

Slowly adduct the thigh while maintaining axial pressure, and exert a LEVER movement in the opposite direction so the you push the head of the femur back toward the acetabulum ceter.

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13
Q

What is Allis sign?

A

Baby supine, flex hips and knees. If one knee is higher than the other, sign is positive for a femur dislocation (or short femur)

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14
Q

What is Talipes equinovarus?

A

Clubfoot (in-turning at the mid and hindfoot)

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15
Q

What is metatarsus adductus?

A

In-turning at the midfoot

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16
Q

What are the three reflexes you test with every baby?

A
  1. Suck reflex
  2. Plantar and palmar grasp reflexes
  3. Moro reflex
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17
Q

How do you test the suck reflex?

A

Place gloved finger in the mouth and see if it sucks

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18
Q

How do you test the plantar/palmar reflex?

A

Place finger in the palm/plantar aspect of the hand/foot, should grasp both sides equally

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19
Q

How do you test the moro reflex?

A

Releasing the baby, seeing if the hands reach out and grab the air

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20
Q

How do you test CN II, III, IV and VI?

A

Shine light. should blink

Tracking

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21
Q

How do you test CN V?

A

Touch side of an infant’s mouth. Should move face toward (like to suck)

22
Q

How do you test CN VII?

A

Baby’s head should wrinkle when crying or symmetry of the smile

23
Q

How do you test CN VIII?

A

Clap hand 30 cm away from baby’s head, should blink

OR

Moves in direction of sound

24
Q

How do you test CN IX and X?

A

Swallowing and gag reflex

25
Q

Test CN XII?

A

Pinch infants nose, mouth will open and tongue will rise midline

26
Q

Motor control develops how (head to toe or toe to head)?

A

Head to toe

27
Q

What is Gower’s sign?

A

Test for Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy

28
Q

What is vertical suspension?

A

Hold the baby upright with two hands around the chest and assess flexion

29
Q

When can a child lift head

A

1 mo

30
Q

When can a child sit up

A

6 mo

31
Q

When can a child walk?

A

12 mo

32
Q

When can a child track with eyes?

A

1 mo

33
Q

When can a child exert a raking grasp?

A

6 mo

34
Q

When can a child use a 2 finger grasp?

A

12 mo

35
Q

When can a child coo?

A

1 mo

36
Q

When can a child babble?

A

6 months

37
Q

When can a child say mama/dada?

A

12 mo

38
Q

When can a child recognize parents?

A

1 mo

39
Q

When does a child develop stranger anxiety?

A

6 mo

40
Q

When can a child imitate parents?

A

12 mo

41
Q

When can a child walk with assistance

A

9 mo

42
Q

When can a child exert a 3 finger grasp?

A

9 mo

43
Q

When can a child wave bye-bye or play pat a cake

A

9 mo

44
Q

What are the developmental milestones for a 2 year old?

A

2 steps
2 word phrases
2 step commands
6 blocks

45
Q

When can a child ride a tricycle?

A

3 years

46
Q

When can a child say three word sentences?

A

3 years

47
Q

When can a child say two word sentences?

A

2 years

48
Q

When can a child brush their teeth?

A

3 years

49
Q

When can a child draw a circle?

A

3 years

50
Q

When can a child play hop scotch?

A

4 years

51
Q

When can a child copy a cross?

A

4 years old

52
Q

When can a child play with kids their own age?

A

4 years

Clinical Med (30 decks)

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