Male Genitalia Flashcards
What are the two erectile tissues in the penis?
Corpus cavernosum
What is the corpus spongiosum?
Body that carries the urethra
What is the structure that is felt at the back of the testes?
Epididymitis
Where does lymphatics from the penis drain? The testes?
Penis = superfifical inguinal nodes
Testes = abdominal lymph nodes
When is a standing exam when performing a male genitalia exam absolutely necessary?
Hernias or varioceles
What is smegma? When does it appear problematic (but isn’t actually)?
Waxy secretions that are secreted by the glans of the penis.
May appear problematic if circumcised and adhesions form
What are you assessing for when compressing the glans of the penis?
Nodules, plaques, or scarring
What is hydrospadias? What are the complications from this?
incomplete closure of the urethra
Loss of sperm
UTIs
What is the appropriate technique used to palpate the glans of the penis?
Thumb and first two fingers
What is the balanitis?
Remnant of the foreskin gets infected with yeast
What is peyronie’s disease?
Scarring around the tunica of the penis
What should you consider when a pt has bloody penile discharge?
Neoplasm or urethritis
What should you consider when a pt has purulent penile discharge?
STIs or prostatitis
What is the giveaway for UTIs/STDs?
Dysuria
What is the sign for prostatitis?
Tender in the perineal area, and no dysuria
Why should you not try and manipulate the prostate if you suspect infection?
Spread the infection
Painless lesions are indicative of what?
Syphilis
Vesicular lesions are indicative of what?
Herpes virus
What is the most common cause of genital warts?
HPV
What are the signs of herpes?
Painful vesicular lesions on the penis
What is the best way to identify herpes lesions as such?
Seeing multinucleated cells on a Giemsa stain
Are syphilis lesions painful?
No
What is chancroid?
Haemophilus Ducreyi STI characterized by painful sores on the genitalia. Chancroid is known to spread from one individual to another solely through sexual contact.
What is the causative agent of syphilis?
Treponema pallidum
What is the treatment for syphilis?
Penicillin
What is the diagnostic technique for a hydrocele? What is the treatment? What does this differentiate against?
Transillumination of the scrotum.
Self limiting.
Differentiates against scrotal hernia
What is the sign of scrotal edema as opposed to a hydrocele or hernia?
Crosses both sides of the scrotum
What is the treatment for epidermoid cysts?
Self-limiting. Leave alone
Why are spermatoceles usually found in pts who have had a vasectomy?
Sperm have no where to go
What differentiates a spermatocele vs testicular CA?
Bump is on the epididymis
Also, transilluminates
Where is pain felt with acute epididymitis?
Behind the testicle
How much time is there to diagnose and treat a testicular torsion before loss of the testicle?
6 hours
What are the signs of testicular torsion versus acute epididymitis?
Loss of cremaster reflex
Sudden onset
Generally, how long do infectious processes take to develop, as opposed to vascular ones?
vascular = sudden
Infectious = slow
Which way do testicles tend to torse?
Medially
Where do direct hernias occur?
Directly through the abdomen
Where do indirect hernias occur?
Through the spermatic cord
Where do femoral hernia occur?
Below the inguinal ligament, and lateral to the inguinal canal
What are the borders of Hasselbach’s triangle?
Inguinal ligament
Rectus abdominis
Inferior epigastric artery
True or false: femoral hernia rarely enter the scrotum
False-they never enter the scrotum
Who are more likely to develop femoral hernias, men or women? How about to indirect hernias?
Femoral, women more likely
Inguinal, men
If your finger is hit on the pad when in the inguinal canal, what type of hernia? What about just the tip?
Pad = direct
tip = indirect
What are the ages that testicular CA usually develops?
15-34 yo
Who is more likely to get testicular CA, white or black men?
White (x4)
What are the two risk factors for testicular CA?
family hx
Cryptorchidism
Should you screen for testicular CA?
no
