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Clinical Med > Female genitalia > Flashcards

Female genitalia Flashcards

1
Q

Define menarche

A

The first menstruation and initiation of cyclic menstrual function

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2
Q

Define menopause

A

Absence of menses for 12 consecutive months, usually occurring between 48 and 55 years

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3
Q

Define postmenopausal bleeding

A

Bleeding occurring 6 months or more after cessation of menses

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4
Q

Define amenorrhea

A

Absence of menses

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5
Q

Define dysmenorrhea

A

Painful or difficult menstruation

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6
Q

Define premenstrual syndrome (PMS)

A

a cluster of emotional, behavioral, and physical symptoms occurring 5 days before menses for 3 consecutive cycles

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7
Q

Define abnormal uterine bleeding

A

Bleeding between meses; includes infrequent, excessive, prolonged, or postmenopausal bleeding

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8
Q

What is the age range for the onset of menses?

A

9-16

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9
Q

How long does it take to before menses become regular once it starts?

A

Full year

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10
Q

What is the interval for menstruation, and how many flow days?

A

24-32 days, with 3-7 flow days

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11
Q

When is an appropriate age to ask if menses has ceased?

A

40-60

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12
Q

What are the three questions that are appropriate to ask for a female of reproductive age?

A

Age of onset of menses
LMP
Cycle description

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13
Q

What are the three questions appropriate to ask for women who may have had menopause?

A

When stopped
Associated symptoms
Bleeding?

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14
Q

When is HPV most common?

A

In teens and 20 year olds

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15
Q

How long does it take for severe dysplasia from HPV to become invasive?

A

3-7 years

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16
Q

True or false: HPV usually clears in 1-2 years in those under 21 years old

A

True

17
Q

When do pap smears begin?

A

Age 21

18
Q

True or false: Pap smears should begin at 21, regardless of risk, behavior, and age of first sex

A

True

19
Q

For females 21-29 years old, what, and how often should pap smears be done? Should HPV testing be done?

A

Cytology only, every three years, no HPV testing

20
Q

When does cytology AND HPV testing start? How often?

A

30-65 years

Both every 5, OR cytology every 3

21
Q

True or false: It is alright to perform an HPV test alone for 30-65 year olds

A

False–should be done in conjunction with cytology

22
Q

After 65 years, how many negative pap smears does a person need to be considered safe for no further testing?

A

3 consecutive negatives or 2 conseutive co-tests

23
Q

When should you continue to have pap smears for adults over 65 years?

A

h/o cervical CA

24
Q

If a patient has had a hysterectomy, do they need further pap smears?

A

Only if the hysterectomy was done to remove CA

25
Q

When do the guidelines for pap smears not apply? (4)

A
  1. HIV infecions
  2. imunosuppression
  3. Exposure to DES in utero
  4. h/o cervical CA
26
Q

What are the ACOG guidelines for chlamydia screening?

A

All females 25 and younger

27
Q

An anteverted uterus points in which direction?

A

Points posteriorly

28
Q

A retroverted uterus points in which direction?

A

Anteriorly

29
Q

A mid position uterus points in which direction?

A

Horizontal

30
Q

How far does the cervix usually protrude into the vagina?

A

1-3 cm

31
Q

What are the targets for HPV vaccine? (2 most common types)

A

16 and 18

32
Q

What is the level of protection for women who receive the HPV vaccine and are exposed to the virus?

A

100%

33
Q

The HPV vaccine does not protect against what percent of cervical CA caused by HPV types other that 16 and 18?

A

30%

34
Q

What is the average number of pads women go through per day during menses?

A

3-4

35
Q

What is a cystocele?

A

A hernial protrusion of the urinary bladder through the anterior wall of the vagina

36
Q

What is a rectocele?

A

A hernial protrusion of part of the rectum through the posterior vaginal wall

37
Q

What is the discharge associated with physiological vaginitis?

A

Clear to mucoid

Clinical Med (30 decks)

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