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Clinical Med > OB/GYN Exam > Flashcards

OB/GYN Exam Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three goals of history taking with pregnancy?

A
  1. Risk assessment

2. Dating prego

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2
Q

When should a history be taken for OB/GYN pts?

A

At each visit

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3
Q

Why is it important to date a pregnancy?

A

Know the due date

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4
Q

Why is it important to know a the menstrual cycle with a pregnancy?

A

Affects how you date the pregnancy

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5
Q

When should women take folic acid during pregnancy?

A

Before getting prego if possible

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6
Q

What are the five immunizations that can be given in pregnancy?

A 
Flu
Tetanus
Hepatitis
MMR
Varicella
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7
Q

What are the five immunizations that should be checked in pregnancy?

A 
Flu
Tetanus
Hepatitis
MMR
Varicella
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8
Q

What does the G stand for in GPTPAL?

A

number of gravids

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9
Q

What does the first P stand for in GPTPAL?

A

Number of children with birth beyond 20 weeks

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10
Q

What does the T stand for in GPTPAL?

A

Number of term pregnancy

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11
Q

What does the second P stand for in GPTPAL?

A

Number of preterm pregnancies

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12
Q

What does the A stand for in GPTPAL?

A

number of abortions/miscarriages

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13
Q

What does the L stand for in GPTPAL?

A

Living pregnancies

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14
Q

What is Naegele’s rule for dating a pregnancy?

A

Subtract 3 months from the LMP and add 7 days

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15
Q

LMP is on which day first or last day)?

A

Day one of the LMP (start, not end)

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16
Q

When is an US performed for the prego?

A

First visit

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17
Q

How accurate is a OB US?

A

With 5 days if the crown-rump length if first 7 wks of prego

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18
Q

What is the relationship between US accuracy, and the length of the gestation?

A

Inversely related

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19
Q

When is the most accurate time of US (early, mid, late)?

A

Early

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20
Q

What are the two questions to ask yourself if a woman presents with an early pregnancy?

A
  1. Where is it (ectopic?)

2. Is it viable

21
Q

How do you determine if a pregnancy is viable?

A

1 .Date

  1. Doppler for Heart sounds
  2. HCG
  3. US
22
Q

What is a molar pregnancy?

A

Inviable pregnancy d/t chromosomal defect

23
Q

When is a baby’s heart sounds first heard?

A

9-10 weeks

24
Q

Why is a pelvic exam necessary for an OB/GYN exam?

A

Make sure baby can come out

25
Q

Why is BP measured in an OB exam?

A

check baseline to compare for preeclampsia

26
Q

What is checked at every visit?

A
  1. Fetal heart sounds
  2. weight
  3. BP
  4. urine glu/protein/nitrites
27
Q

When is fetal activity perceived by the mother?

A

After 18-20 wks

28
Q

When is the fundal height measured?

A

Each prenatal visit after 20 weeks

29
Q

1 cm measurements from the symphysis pubis to the top of the fundus correlates with what?

A

Weeks gestation

30
Q

True or false: hemorrhoids, pica, varicose veins, SOB, CP, and breast changes are all common physical changes in pregnancy?

A

All true except for CP

31
Q

Why is carpal tunnel syndrome common in later pregnancy?

A

Edema in the forearm

32
Q

What are the spider hemangiomas?

A

spider telangiectasia in pregnancy

33
Q

What happens to RBC volume in pregnancy? Plasma volume? CO? Vascular resistance?

A

All increase except for vascular resistance–goes down

34
Q

What is presentation?

A

Relation of the fetus to maternal spine (vertex, breech, transverse)

35
Q

What is the position?

A

Relation of the fetal presenting part to the maternal pelvis

36
Q

What are the leopold maneuvers?

A

Feeling the presentation of the fetus

37
Q

Vertex position = ?

A

Baby’s head is straight down

38
Q

What is cervical effacement?

A

Thinning of the cervix as pregnancy progresses

39
Q

What is the first stage of labor?

A

Onset of labor until completely dialtated

40
Q

What is the second stage of labor?

A

Complete cervical dilation to delivery

41
Q

What is the third stage of labor?

A

Delivery of infant to delivery of the placenta

42
Q

What is the difference in labor times between parous and nulliparous women?

A

Longer for cervical dilation

43
Q

When are pap smears done in pregnancy?

A

After age 21

44
Q

Why are urine cultures necessary in pregnancy?

A

GBS

45
Q

What is the pathogenesis of GERD in pregnancy?

A

Changes in estrogen and progesterone levels affect the LES

46
Q

What causes the MS changes in pregnancy?

A

Progesterone thought to play a role

47
Q

Plasma volume in pregnancy increases by what percent?RBC volume? CO?

A

Plasma = 30%
RBC volume = 20%
CO = 30-50%

48
Q

How is fetal position determined?

A

Vaginal exam

49
Q

How is fetal presentation determined

A

Leopold maneuvers

Clinical Med (30 decks)

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