Pedicatric Conditions Flashcards
If less than 3 months old what is the temperature cutoff
100.4/38.3
if 3-6 months what is the temp cutoff
101/38.3
if >6 months what is the temp cutoff
103/39.4
Apgar score
measures a baby’s condition, if low then it is usually due to immature lung and heart development
jaundice tx
light therapy
vit k is given at birth for what
to prevent bleeding
what drug can be given to close the ductus arteriosus
NSAIDs such as iv indomethacin
What causes Respiratory Distress syndrome
a deficiency of surfactant production in lungs that are not fully developed
What do babies born <35 weeks receive
Surfactant immediately after birth to prevent RDS
Age cutoff for salicylate Reye’s
16 years old
Why should ibuprofin be avoidd in infants less than <6 months
risk of nephrotoxicity
what are simethicones given for in infants
intestinal gas
age cutoff for FDA recomending cough and cold
<2 years old
what is recomended for intermittant constipation in kids
miralax (can also use glycerin supositiories for quick relief or prunes/pears)
What should be used for rehydration
pedialyte and engamil engalyte
dosing for acetaminophen
10-15 mg/kg/dose every 4-6 hours
dosing for ibuprofen
5-10 mg/kg/dose every 6-8 hours
The concentration of all acetaminophen products for kids and infants
160mg/5mL
What is the safety issue of ceftriazone in neonates
biliary sludging due to displacing which can cause brain damage
emperic tx for meningitis in kids
ampicillin (for listeria coverage) + cefotaxime
or
ampicillin + gentamicin
tx for meningitis in adult patients
ceftriaxone/cefotaxime + vanco and if over 50 then add ampicillin
Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is dangerous in what population and can cause what and is treated by what
infects all kids but dangerous in premature babies where it can cause bronchocholitis (swelling and mucus in the broncholes). Tx is primarily supportive but can give inhaled ribavirin (ribazole). Prophylaxis during the RSV season is indicated and palivuzumab (synagis).
who should receive palivizumab (synagis) for RSV prophylaxis?
premature infants (with chronic lung disease if less than 12 months) or infants with heart disease
what is croup
laryngottacheobronchitis which is due to a viral infection that causes inflammation of the upper airway and is signified by inspiratory stridor (high pitched breaching sound) barking cough and hoarseness. tx with systemic steroids (usually dexamethasone) and/or l isomer of epinephrine (an agrenergic agonist) to bronchodilate
drug tx for peeing at night
despopressin, a analog of adh which will decrease nocturnal urine production but can cause hyponeturemia
what age is codeine and tramadol contraindicated in
children less than 12 for any use and for codiene surgical use <18
what age is promethazine contraindicated in
less than 2 for risk of respiratory depression
why are quinolones not recommended in kids
adverse effects on cartilage, bone, and muscle
why are tetracyclines not recommended in children and what is the one exception
they stain teeth, mineralize bone and cartialage. Exception is doxyccline for tick borne rickets because
what can topical teeth containing products containing benzocaine cause
methemoglobinemia
symptoms of measels and transmission
small white spots on the inside of checks, macropapiluar rash, airborne
chickenpox symptoms
itchy rash
